Authors:
            
                    Amina Sambo-Magaji
                    
                        
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Inés Arana
                    
                        
                    
                     and
                
                    Hatem Ahriz
                    
                        
                    
                    
                
        
        
            Affiliation:
            
                    
                        
                    
                    Robert Gordon University, United Kingdom
                
        
        
        
        
        
             Keyword(s):
            Distributed Problems Solving, Local Search, Distributed Constraint Satisfaction, Heuristics.
        
        
            
                Related
                    Ontology
                    Subjects/Areas/Topics:
                
                        Agents
                    ; 
                        Artificial Intelligence
                    ; 
                        Constraint Satisfaction
                    ; 
                        Distributed Problem Solving
                    ; 
                        Symbolic Systems
                    
            
        
        
            
                Abstract: 
                Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problems (DisCSPs) solving techniques solve problems which are distributed over a number of agents.The distribution of the problem is required due to privacy, security or cost issues and, therefore centralised problem solving is inappropriate. Distributed local search is a framework that solves large combinatorial and optimization problems. For large problems it is often faster than distributed
systematic search methods. However, local search techniques are unable to detect unsolvability and have the propensity of getting stuck at local optima. Several strategies such as weights on constraints, penalties on values and probability have been used to escape local optima. In this paper, we present an approach for escaping local optima called Dynamic Agent Prioritisation and Penalties (DynAPP) which combines penalties on
variable values and dynamic variable prioritisation for the resolution of distributed constraint satisfaction problems. Empirical eval
                uation with instances of random, meeting scheduling and graph colouring problems have shown that this approach solved more problems in less time at the phase transition when compared with some state of the art algorithms. Further evaluation of the DynAPP approach on iteration-bounded optimisation problems showed that DynAPP is competitive.
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