Authors:
Aminatun
1
;
Tia Rahayu Wijayanti
2
;
Dolfi Varton
3
and
Prihartini Widiyanti
1
Affiliations:
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Biomedical Engineering, Post Graduate School and Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
;
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology and Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
;
3
Biomedical Engineering, Post Graduate School and Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Keyword(s):
Scaffold, Chitosan, Chondroitin Sulphate, Hydroxyapatite, Bone Graft.
Abstract:
Bone defect can be addressed by using bone graft, one of them is in the form of scaffold. Tri-component scaffold consisting of chitosan, hydroxyapatite and chondroitin sulphate is more effective for tissue engineering since it is biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable and additionally, it can be absorbed by the body. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of adding chondroitin sulphate and to determine the best composition of chitosan-chondroitin sulphate/hydroxyapatite as the candidate of bone graft. The process of composite scaffold synthesis used a freeze dry method. The result of composite scaffold chitosan-chondroitin sulphate/hydroxyapatite was obtained through characterization which covers tests on functional group, morphology, porosity, biodegradability and cytotoxicity. The result of a functional group test revealed that there is a stretching vibration of NH2 on 1638.35 cm-1 as a typical group of chitosan, stretching vibration S=O chondroitin sulphate on 1384.4
1 cm-1, stretching vibration of P-O-C on 1089.34 cm-1, 1050.38 cm-1 and 602.36 cm-1 are the functional groups of phosphate (PO43-) hydroxyapatite. The result of a morphology test obtained pore size range from 26-239 µm which is appropriate as the ideal scaffold pore size. The result of a scaffold porosity test was 90.06 – 93.48% which suited the porosity of cancellous bone. The result of a biodegradability test showed the decrease of mass on each sample which ranged from 27.149 – 60.658% during 4 weeks. The result of a cytotoxicity test revealed that the five samples of the composite were non-toxic toward cells. Based on these characteristics, composite scaffold chitosan-chondroitin sulphate/hydroxyapatite has a potential to be the bone graft with the best variation on samples with hydroxyapatite:chitosan:chondroitin sulphate composition of 50:35:15 wt%.
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