Authors:
Gwen R. Ferdinandus
1
;
Marieke Peeters
2
;
Karel van den Bosch
3
and
John-Jules Ch. Meyer
1
Affiliations:
1
Utrecht University, Netherlands
;
2
Utrecht University, Training & Performance Innovations and TNO, Netherlands
;
3
Training & Performance Innovations and TNO, Netherlands
Keyword(s):
Automated Scenario Generation, Adaptive Educational Games, Serious Games, Scenario-based Training.
Related
Ontology
Subjects/Areas/Topics:
Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems
;
Authoring Tools and Content Development
;
Computer-Supported Education
;
e-Learning
;
Enterprise Information Systems
;
Information Technologies Supporting Learning
;
Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Abstract:
Serious games allow for adaptive and personalised forms of training, where the nature and timing of learning activities are tailored to the needs and interests of the trainee. Autonomous game-based training requires systems that automatically select the right exercises for an individual trainee. This paper presents a framework for an automated scenario generation system. The underlying notion is that a learning experience is defined by the objects and agents that inhabit the training environment. Our system uses automated planning to assess the behaviour required to achieve the (personalised) training objective. It then generates a scenario by selecting semantically annotated (or ‘smart’) objects and by assigning goals to the virtual characters that together trigger the trainee to execute the desired behaviour. To test the framework, a prototype has been developed for training the First Aid treatment of burns. Experienced instructors evaluated scenarios written by three types of auth
ors: the prototype, first-aid experts, and laymen. The prototype produced scenarios that were at least as good as laymen scenarios. First-aid experts seemed the best scenario writers, although differences were not significant. It is concluded that combining automated planning, smart objects, and virtual agent behaviour, is a promising approach to automated scenario generation.
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