Authors:
            
                    Carlos Arantes
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    João Sena Esteves
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                     and
                
                    João Sepúlveda
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    
                
        
        
            Affiliations:
            
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    University of Minho, Portugal
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    Centre Algoritmi and University of Minho, Portugal
                
        
        
        
        
        
             Keyword(s):
            Ultracapacitors, Batteries, Fast Electric Charger, Mobile Robot Platform, Energy Management.
        
        
            
                Related
                    Ontology
                    Subjects/Areas/Topics:
                
                        Energy Efficiency and Green Manufacturing
                    ; 
                        Engineering Applications
                    ; 
                        Industrial Engineering
                    ; 
                        Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
                    ; 
                        Intelligent Control Systems and Optimization
                    ; 
                        Mobile Robots and Autonomous Systems
                    ; 
                        Robotics and Automation
                    ; 
                        Signal Processing, Sensors, Systems Modeling and Control
                    
            
        
        
            
                Abstract: 
                The smallest charging times required by fully discharged conventional batteries are some tens of minutes.
This is an important limitation for mobile robot platforms. A previous paper already validated the possibility
of integrating ultracapacitors and batteries in the same system. However, it has some significant limitations:
1) It works with an ultracapacitors module or a battery, but it does not work with both devices at the same
time; 2) It requires an external dedicated charging station; 3) It is not possible to take profit from a part –
which is non-negligible – of the energy previously stored in the ultracapacitors. This paper presents a new
power supply system for mobile robot platforms that has been developed in order to overcome these
limitations. Its main goals are evaluating the feasibility of: 1) Fully integrating batteries and ultracapacitors,
working simultaneously as energy-storing devices, with the aim of enabling a mobile robot platform to
achieve a reasonable autono
                my after a very reduced charging time and considerable autonomy when there
are no charging time constraints; 2) Installing all the system in the mobile robot platform, avoiding the use
of an external dedicated charging station; 3) Extracting almost all the energy previously stored in the
ultracapacitors. Both simulation results and experimental results are presented.
                (More)