Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of
Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises
Аnna А. Gavrilova
1a
, Еlena А. Matveeva
2b
and Svetlana G. Simagina
3c
1
Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia
2
Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Samara, Russia
3
Samara University, Samara, Russia
Keywords: Organization, Management, Power Supply, Energy Efficiency Improving, Information System, System
Analysis.
Abstract: Complex analysis of organization of energy efficient machinery production was carried out, trends of
efficiency improvement of power resources utilization and production costs reduction were defined. It is
shown that increasing the efficiency of machine-building enterprises depends on many factors: market
conditions, the tax system, tariffs and prices for energy resources, transport services, etc. A serious problem
is a significant increase in the energy component in the cost of production. The energy efficiency of machine-
building enterprises is inextricably linked with production technologies, which in a certain way affects the
cost of production. Cost reduction can be achieved not only by solving optimization problems, but also by
solving problems related to the energy intensity of production. Such problems include: high energy
consumption of products; insufficient efficiency of generation, transportation and distribution of energy
resources; low reliability of energy supply; insufficient volume or low reliability of information about the
operation of the energy infrastructure. The high energy consumption of products is a serious problem that
affects the increase in the cost of production and, consequently, the decrease in the competitiveness of the
enterprise. The sustainable development of a machine-building enterprise is possible by increasing its
competitiveness. The economic effect is determined by a set of actions that ensure the efficiency of production
in all ke indicators, which ensures the sustainability of the company's development.
1 INTRODUCTION
Machine-building enterprises are complex production
systems producing highly engineered manufactured
articles of different purpose. Specialization of
machine-building enterprises is defined by industry
classification of product consumers used in aircraft
industry, machine tool industry, chemical and
petroleum machine building, automobile
construction, agricultural machinery industry, ship
building, road construction machine building, tool
engineering.
Modern economic conditions have essentially
changed the conditions and the mode of operation of
manufacturing enterprises. The integration of Russia
a
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-6518
b
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-2620
c
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8550-546X
into the global economy requires enterprise
improving competitiveness, improvement of product
quality both in the sense of technical features and in
the sense of cost performance, using advanced
information technologies.
In recent years, as part of the implementation of
the tasks set out in the national project "Improving
productivity", work has been actively carried out to
replace outdated technologies and equipment, which
can significantly increase labor productivity at
enterprises. In addition, these measures can reduce
the energy consumption of production and,
accordingly, make products more competitive
(Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017; Merker, 2014).
Improvement of efficiency of national machinery
production depends on numerous system-wide
Anna, G., Elena, M. and Svetlana, S.
Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises.
DOI: 10.5220/0010610308330839
In Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure (ISSDRI 2021), pages 833-839
ISBN: 978-989-758-519-7
Copyright
c
2021 by SCITEPRESS Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
833
factors: market conditions, taxation system, tariffs
and prices of power resources and transportation
services etc. Machine-building enterprise is a
complex system carrying out a number of principal
and auxiliary processes. The processes of
preproduction and engineering output require
harmonized and rhythmical performing of all types of
activities: solving organizational and technical tasks,
and material service operation of productive
processes. Nowadays a serious problem is the
essential increase of energy component in product
cost which is up to 40% (Gavrilova and Salov, 2020;
Industry Standard 27322–87, Industry Standard
31607–2012, Industry Standard Р 51750–2001;
Merker, 2014; Paramonov, 2009).
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
As a comprehensive analysis of the management
systems currently operating at enterprises has shown,
the most significant problems arise when solving
production planning tasks, logistics tasks, as well as
tasks related to the energy efficiency of production
(Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017;
Mesheryakova, 2020).
One of the most important aspects of the study of
complex systems is the endowment of their
structures. Since it is necessary to consider the mutual
coordination of various aspects of the system, as well
as the interaction of the elements of the system, it is
necessary to model not only the individual elements
of the system, but also the system as a whole.
Quite often, tuple modeling of systems is used.
Tuple modeling is a description of the model in
mathematical form and allows us to consider the
system from the point of view of a set of interrelated
factors (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017).
Management Mashinostroitelny enterprise can be
represented as a multidimensional problem-oriented
models in the form of a "tuple-six":

lmklmllmklmll
JNFSPQM ,,,,,
(1)
where Ql essential content problems; - Plm
breakdown structure of the underlying issues Ml;-
Slmk functional model and objectives formalizing
the described structure Plm;- Fl – methodological
means of addressing Ml; - Nlm solving methods
decomposion problems Plm and functional tasks
Slmk; - Jlmk – the set of information needed to solve
the problems of Plm and objectives Slmk methods
Nlm.
In the selection of characteristic properties and
characteristics, and the index m corresponds to the
feature of isolating the structures of the problem Prl,
the index k in the constructions and-the feature of
determining the functional properties of the
components.
Identifying the processes and parameters of the
system allows you to solve the problem of ensuring
the adequacy of the model to the real system. The
tuple representation of the model reflects its structure,
defines the purpose and characteristics of the
functioning of the system.
Considering the enterprise model as an object of
management, we can conclude that the essence of Q1
is the specifics of production from the point of view
of management theory. The decomposition of Ql at
the lower level of the hierarchy is implemented by
separating the structural models:- P11-consistency of
plant-wide, inter-shop and intra-shop plans; - P12-
balance of flows of products, materials, components,
variety of technological processes and operations,
multiple routes of movement of parts; - P13-
relationships and interactions of production,
management, social, financial, energy and logistics
factors.
The composition of functional models and tasks
corresponding to the isolated structural models,
m=1,2,3, is determined by the components: - S111-
calendar plans; - S112-operational plans; - S113-
division plans; - S121-structuring of the
nomenclature of processed products, raw materials
and components; - S122-sequence of operations and
routes of movement of batches of processed products;
- S123-loading of equipment by technological
processes and workplaces; - S131-approval of
production models; - S132-decomposition of all
levels of goals, strategies and plans into production
tasks; - S133-setting new management tasks in
accordance with energy consumption and
improvement of production technologies.
The methodology for solving Pr1 problems has
adopted the concept of system analysis of
management objects.
The basis for solving the P1m and S1mk problems
are the methods:
- N11 - theory of active systems; - N12-operations
research; - N13-diagnostics and identification.
The J1mk information required to build the P1m,
S1mk models is determined by the following data
sets: - J111-time horizons of planning; - J112-output
volumes; - J113-planned production tasks; - J121-
nomenclature and batch volumes of processed
products, parts, and assemblies;- J122-composition of
equipment, technologies, operations;- J123 - routes of
ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure
834
movement of parties on workplaces; - J131-
components of material costs; - J132-available
capacities and resources; - J133-disturbing factors
and impacts.
The basis for solving problems,, formalizing the
problem of Pr1 are the methods: - N11-theory of
active systems; - N12-operations research; - N13-
diagnostics and identification.
The information required to build the model,, is
determined by data sets: - J111-time horizons of
planning; - J112-production volumes; - J113-planned
tasks of production; - J121-nomenclature and
volumes of batches of products, parts, components; -
J122-composition of equipment, technologies,
operations;
- J123 - routes of movement of parties on
workplaces; - J131-components of material and
energy costs; - J132 –disturbing factors and impacts;
- J133-the cost of creating a control system.
In general, the enterprise management system is a
complex system. The complexity lies in the huge
number of factors and states of the object under
consideration and the variety of relationships between
them, which must be taken into account when making
decisions to improve management (Matveeva and
Simagina, 2016, 2017). One of the most important
factors is the organization of energy supply to the
enterprise. The management of the energy system is
the most important component of the sustainable
development of the enterprise.
3 THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY.
ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION
ENTERPRISES POWER
SUPPLY
For machine-building enterprises energy efficiency
is closely related to production techniques. The
carried-out analysis demonstrated that to reduce
production cost it is necessary to solve problems
related to energy-output ratio such as: high product
energy consumption; insufficient generation
efficiency; transportation and distribution of energy
resources; poor power supply reliability; insufficient
volume of information or low data reliability about
energy infrastructure performance; excessive energy
consumption of obsolete and worn-out principal
process.
High energy consumption of products is the main
problem owing to the fact that it influences on
production cost increasing and as a result it influences
on reduction of enterprise competitiveness (Merker,
2014).
To carry out productive process machine-building
enterprises accommodate ensembles of shopfloors
which are the main enterprise structural units.
Every shopfloor in its turn has a complex structure
with its division into production and auxiliary
sections which are likewise main enterprise structure
elements (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017;
Mesheryakova, 2020). Enterprise efficiency of
performance in whole crucially depends on
organization of business process management of
enterprises at all the stages and levels in reference to
resource allocation, supplies and utilities and
financial support (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016,
2017; Merker, 2014).
Generation of energy resources in its turn needs
industrial consumers for reliable power supply of
production processes with high technical-economic
indicators. In recent 20 years specific energy
consumption of production has increased by one and
a half times mainly on account of industrial
consumption reduction which resulted in energy
efficiency decrease not only in production, but also in
energy consumption.
Energy component of product costs is
summarized as part of the processes of energy
transformation, distribution and utilization. The
maximum effect of energy conservation measures is
achieved in the process of energy efficiency
consumption which is carried out effectually at
machine-building enterprises.
The value of energy component is also affected by
energy to output ratio, heat and electrical energy tariff
values, and overall power consumption of enterprises,
which contribute to possible directions of energy
component reduction of product costs (Merker,
2014).
Electric power supply system is divided into
separate power generating companies, transmission
companies and retail companies; moreover, a lot of
power subpurchasers have appeared which on the
whole results in essential increase of energy resources
costs.
We intend to carry out the analysis of production
enterprises power supply organization. For
production enterprises centralized, decentralized,
combined modes of power supply are possible. In
accordance with specific situation each mode can
have both advantages and disadvantages.
Large-scale energy-consuming industrial
enterprises connected to the centralized power supply
systems, purchase heat and electric energy according
to approved fares. This scheme does not require
Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises
835
substantial investments, the energy for consumers
remains an external business resource.
Some large-scale energy-consuming industrial
enterprises having fuel resources, switch to
decentralized power supply systems, creating their
own energy sources. This mode of power supply
allows eliminating costs of fixed power payment, de
facto consumed energy and power transmission.
However, substantial costs of new energy
production organization are needed which requires
carrying out complex analysis of costs, risks, and
payback time. Constant demand in resources for
energy production occurs: investments, labour,
information, fuel and water resources and etc., which
in its turn requires numerous reconciliations with
compliance monitoring authorities, implementation
of legislation, rules and normative standards, and
compliance with safety rules at hazardous production
facilities.
To manage machine-building enterprises
effectively it is necessary to create information
management systems of energy production which are
necessary to integrate into existing management
systems. For this purpose it is necessary to organize
information automated systems of control and
regulating of energy production technological
process parameters, and constructing new, more
complex management hierarchical structure of
enterprises totally.
Thus, the organization of decentralized power
supply systems for machine-building enterprises
contributes to occurrence of new objectives and
functions which require the transformation of existing
production facility business structure, and
management system transformation with account for
energy production management.
Some industrial enterprises choose a combined
mode of power supply if a part of energy resources
are purchased at energy market but another part is
generated by themselves. In this case there are
disadvantages of both decentralized power supply
systems and combined power supply systems
(Gavrilova and Salov, 2020).
Let us analyze the activity of energy facility which
uses decentralized power supply system or is a part of
a combined power supply system of industrial
consumers.
Power utility system performance is defined by
interaction of internal components combined into
subsystems, and by the impact of the environment.
For our analysis we use an abstract infrastructural
model of a power generating company which is
analyzed as represented by Figure 1 (Gavrilova and
Salov, 2020).
Internal and external activities of a power
generating company are the main subsystems of the
infrastructural model.
1. Internal activities includes blocks of
“production resources”’ “energy resources”;
“industrial processes”; “management systems” of
power facilities and power facilities products (block
“energy output”).
Figure 1: Infrastructural model of a power generating company.
ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure
836
2. External activities of a power generating
company are the interaction processes with the
environment. The block “republican power utility
system” includes federal grid companies, regional
grid companies, power generating companies and
power supply companies. Block “Power consumers”
includes industrial enterprises, state and public
establishments, residential energy consumers.
Power supply system connected with other power
generating companies and power suppliers, which
generate electric power, has an opportunity in case of
economic viability either to supply electric power
excess amount to the federal market, or purchase
electric power from Unified Energy System.
4 DISCUSSION OF THE
RESULTS. ENTERPRISE
POWER UTILITY SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT
The main task of power utility system management,
taking into account the external effects, is the
identification of external essential factors in solving
the following internal tasks.
1. Power generation with the highest economic
indicators. Herewith, it is necessary to generate power
at a rate which is demanded by consumers at the given
moment. This condition overlays fairly hard
constraints on the choice of utilities equipment
operational conditions.
2. Timely supply of power utility system with
necessary production resources in real time. Specific
nature of utilization gas as a fuel makes energy
production support with continuous process, which
requires taking into account a number of factors.
3. Uninterrupted operation support of the
principal and auxiliary equipment of power
generating companies. Accidents at power facilities
shut the power supply process, result in power cuts to
consumers, and consequently, disrupt uninterrupted
operation of industrial (machine-building)
enterprises.
The interaction structure of power engineering
and management technologies of a power generating
company is presented in Fig.2. Power engineering
technologies of a power generating company are
structurally presented in the form of three interrelated
subsystems:
1. Subsystem “infrastructural technologies”
conduct processes of converting steam heat energy of
high parameters into mechanical energy of generator
unit rotor spinning generating electrical power.
2. Subsystem “energy-saving technologies”
handles a problem of process optimization of
converting internal fuel energy into heat energy and
electrical power.
3. Subsystem “resources preparation
technologies” carries out processes of preparation
fuel, water and energy resources to utilization in the
principal technological processes.
Figure 2: Structure of power engineering and management technologies of a power generating company.
Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises
837
For maintenance of subsystem activities it is
necessary to organize control of principal and
auxiliary technological parameters which feature
power generating processes. At present control and
measuring of the parameter majority is carried out
constantly by means of automated control facilities,
or by carrying out repetitive manual probing in the
absence of automated facilities.
For improvement of power generating multiple
efficiency within the conditions of constant reforms
in principles of organization and management
techniques of power generating companies it is
necessary to conduct studies of internal and external
industrial-engineering relations and enterprise
parameter state on the basis of system approaches and
mathematical model method, it is necessary to
evaluate operating benefits of power generating
companies taking into account the participation of
different resources in electrical power system activity
outcomes (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016).
Furthermore, it is necessary to introduce energy
efficiency technologies including energy
conservation equipment fitting and implementation
of measures of energy saving; energy saving
measures in buildings and structures, which are a
complex of measures targeted at reduction of utilized
energy resources volume without sacrificing gross
output, volume of works etc.; organisational energy
saving, conditioning energy saving culture increase
and administrative procedures on managing energy
consumption within 24 hours (Gavrilova and Salov,
2020; Merker, 2014). These measures give the
possibility identify increased costs of energy
resources owing to low load ratio of machines and
equipment, erratic operation of principal equipment,
related to downtime without source of power cutting-
off, which occurs owing to the fact not related to
equipment reset of the shopfloor to start output of
another type of product (Matveeva and Simagina,
2016, 2017; Merker, 2014).
5 CONCLUSIONS
The implementation of comprehensive measures to
improve production efficiency, including measures to
reduce the energy component, led to the following
results: the volume of production from the same
capacities increased by 30-43 %, the duration of the
production cycle decreased by 24-32 %, the cost of
products decreased by 28-36 % (Matveeva and
Simagina, 2016, 2017). Problem solving of
improvement of power resources utilization
efficiency makes it possible to reduce energy
component in product cost, increase enterprise
competitive abilities. To identify possible energy
consumption at all stages of product life cycle it is
necessary to carry out a system-related energy audit
of all stages of machine-building industry (Gavrilova
and Salov, 2020; Merker, 2014).
While analyzing production systems it is critical
to begin with ultimate customers, afterwards it is
necessary to proceed to distributive system and in the
last turn to conduct studies of energy conversion.
Systems-based approach identified the
dependence of energy efficiency of energy
distribution and energy conversion processes on final
consumption decrease which results in decrease of
losses while distributing energy, since less energy for
transmission. To reduce energy consumption is
possible by means of automation employment,
process improvement and loss enhancement.
Taken as a whole, energy management of a
machine-building enterprise is a complex process
which requires influencing factor complex studies,
system relations studies, and enterprise performance
and development mechanisms studies with reference
to economic change.
REFERENCES
Gavrilova, A.A., Salov, A.G. (2020). Systemic Analysis of
Energy Systems in the New Economy, 2020
International Multi-Conference on Industrial
Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon),
Vladivostok, pages 1-4, doi:
10.1109/FarEastCon50210.2020.9271638.
Matveeva, E.A., Simagina, S.G. (2017). Functional
management of the economic activitie of industrial
Systems. MATEC Web of Conferences, 129, pages 1-5,
04007 DOI:10.1051/matecconf/201712904007
Matveeva, E.A., Simagina, S.G. (2016). Manufacturing
Process Optimization at Enterprises. Key engineering
materials, 684: 409-413
Industry Standard 27322–87 The Energy Balance of the
Enterprise. General Concepts”
Industry Standard 31607–2012 Energy Conservation.
Norm-method Securing. Basic concept”.
Industry Standard Р 51750–2001 Energy Conservation.
Methods for Determination of Energy Capacity on
Production of Output and Rendering of Services in
Technological Energy Systems. General Principles.
(p.6.2. Nature of Possible of Power Losses and Methods
of their Reduction at Stages of Product Life Cycle and
Performance of Services).
Merker, E. E. (2014). Energy Conservation in Industry and
Exergy Analysis of Technological Processes.
Educational Aid, M.: TNT, 316 p.
ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure
838
Mesheryakova, T.S. Energy Consumption Analysis of
Industrial Enterprises under Present-day Conditions.
http://www.abok.ru/for_spec/articles.php?nid=615
Paramonov F.I andSoldak U.М. (2009). Theoretical
Framework of Production Management, 280 p.
Publishing House: BINOM. LZ.
Polyanichko, М.V. (2017). Methodological Approach to
Enterprise Energy Efficiency Management.
Management State-of-the-art Technology, 3 (75): 7503.
https://sovman.ru/article/7503/
Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises
839