Analysis of Womenpreneur Activities and Business Motivation on

Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs) in Batam City

Shinta Wahyu Hati, Ely Kartikaningdyah, Rahmat Hidayat, and Fedia Restu

Department of Business Management, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Jl. Ahmad Yani, Batam, Indonesia

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam, Indonesia

Keywords: Womenpreneur, Motivation, Business Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs).

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis results of womenpreneur activities and business

motivation on the Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Batam City.

Research data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The population of this

research was women entrepreneurs at the scale of micro, small and medium enterprises in Batam City. The

sample in this study consisted of 195 respondents. The analytical method used in testing the hypothesis was

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using Partial Least Square (PLS). From this study, it was found that the

activities of womenpreneurs and motivations, both had a significant effect on business competence with the

T-statistic value of 9.649 and 2,142 respectively. In addition, it was also found that business competence had

a significant effect on the performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises with a T -statistic value of

2.824.

1 INTRODUCTION

The era of globalization that characterized by free

trade cannot be avoided by any nation, including

Indonesia. The development and intense business

competition in today's business world has led to

extraordinary changes in marketing, human resource

(HR) management, handling of exchange

transactions between companies and customers as

well as against other companies, suppliers,

shareholders, governments, and other stakeholders.

Planning, control and decision making also

contribute to providing more challenges for the

business world today due to increased

environmental uncertainty.

Data obtained from (batampos.co.id) states that

many industrial companies in Batam City have gone

bankrupt. Data from the Manpower Office added that

in 2015, 54 companies were forced to stop operating,

as many as 67 companies in 2016 and around 23

companies in 2017 also experienced the same thing.

In total, there were 144 companies that closed during

2015 - 2017. The number of companies that closed

would certainly increase the unemployment rate in

Batam City. The Batam City Manpower Office

recorded the number of unemployed people at 40

thousand people.

According to an economic observer at the

Maritime University Raja Ali Rasyid (2017), several

factors causing the decline in industrial performance

in Batam City are the weakening of global economic

conditions due to the decline in crude oil prices and

global mining prices. Other causes include tax

incentives and the ease of investment offered by

neighboring countries such as Vietnam and Johor

Bahru Malaysia which also reduce the number of

investors in Batam. From these data, it can be seen

that job competition in Batam City continues to

increase. The lack of employment has meant that the

number of job seekers has never decreased, while the

availability of existing jobs is in fact insufficient

where the unemployment rate in Batam is still high.

The problem of unemployment and limited

employment opportunities can be overcome by the

role of MSMEs. One of the important roles of micro,

small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in

supporting economic growth is their ability to create

jobs which in turn can reduce poverty. Business

Hati, S., Kartikaningdyah, E., Hidayat, R. and Restu, F.

Analysis of Womenpreneur Activities and Business Motivation on Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Batam City.

DOI: 10.5220/0010353700120020

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Economics and Social Science (ICAESS 2020) - Shaping a Better Future Through Sustainable Technology, pages 12-20

ISBN: 978-989-758-517-3

fields that can develop and be consistent in the

current national economy are Micro, Small and

Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). UMKM is a good

place for creating productive jobs. The number of

unemployment data according to data from the

Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017 was 7.01

million. The growth of MSMEs can be said to be very

fast, so that the need for job creation can be met little

by little. Thus, the unemployment rate can decrease

with the existence of these MSMEs. According to

Schiffer & Weder in Hermanto (2010), to help

overcome the problem of unemployment, this small-

scale industrial development will be of great help,

especially in providing employment and business

opportunities which in turn can encourage regional

and rural development.

During 2018, there were more than 4 thousand

Batam residents who were unemployed, where

women dominated this unemployment rate. The

causes are various, from failing the test to the

existence of other policies from companies that

require workers with certain conditions

(batamnews.go.id).

According to Hati and Irawati (2015), at the age

of 25, there will be termination or termination of

employment according to the contract. Industrial

companies consider that this age is no longer suitable

to work in the manufacturing industry because of the

problem of physical decline and decreased work

productivity. This condition is a trigger to increase

women unemployment in Batam. Therefore, it takes

the efforts of all parties in Batam to encourage

women to become entrepreneurs (womenpreneurs).

Based on Online Data System (ODS) data at the

Indonesian Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and

Medium Enterprises (UKM), Batam has 81,486

MSMEs, where part of the data is women

entrepreneurs (womenpreneur).

According to (Zimmerer and Scarborough) in

Chistiana et al., (2014), it is explained that an

entrepreneur is someone who creates a new business

by taking risks and uncertainties in order to achieve

profit and growth by identifying significant

opportunities and combining the necessary

resources. to set it up. Therefore, an entrepreneur

must be able to create his own opportunities for the

creation of something valuable and can be used to

survive.

Ropke, quoted by Suryana and Bayu (2011),

stated that entrepreneurship is the process of creating

something new (new creation) and making

something different from what already exists

(innovation). It aims to achieve individual welfare

and added value to society. Thus, the presence of

entrepreneurship will greatly influence economic

progress and improve economic conditions in Batam.

The existence of this entrepreneurship will be able to

create jobs, increase income distribution, improve

the quality of life of the community, utilize and

mobilize resources to increase economic

productivity, and increase government welfare.

Surya and Bayu (2011) explain that successful

entrepreneurs are those who have high achievement

motives (High n acr personal). The characteristics of

high achievement motives are: (1) Having

commitment and responsibility towards work, (2)

Tending to choose challenges, (3) always being

observant of seeing and taking advantage of

opportunities, (4) Objective in every assessment, (5)

Always needing feedback , (6) Always optimal in,

unfavorable situations, (7) Profit oriented, and (8)

Having the ability to manage proactively. Meredith

et al., In Dhamayantie et al., (2017) states that

entrepreneurship is someone who can act in

accordance with entrepreneurial characteristics,

including self-confidence, task and result orientation,

risk taking, leadership, originality, and future

orientation.

The benefit of this research is that it can provide

additional useful information for womenpreneur

entrepreneurs for consideration in improving

business performance more efficiently and

effectively so as to be able to develop their business.

The research results will provide information and

recommendations for the government in developing

MSMEs. The results of this study provide

information for steakholders in encouraging

opportunities for women to continue to develop their

businesses.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Women's Entrepreneurship

Activities

Entrepreneurial activity is influenced by internal and

external factors. Internal factors are entrepreneurial

abilities and personal characteristics, while external

factors consist of opportunities and resources

(Bygrave and Zacharakis, 2010; Saragih, 2010).

Kuratko and Hotgetts (2007) see the business

activities of the establishment of a viable new

business which can be specifically seen from its five

activities, namely: (1) technical, related to the

feasibility analysis of products and services; (2)

market, relating to determining market opportunities

and risks; (3) financial, relating to financial and

Analysis of Womenpreneur Activities and Business Motivation on Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs) in Batam City

resource feasibility; (4) organizational, relating to

organizational capabilities (owners and employees);

(5) competitive, related to competitiveness. Thus, it

can be concluded that entrepreneurial activities can

be seen from marketing, organization, finance,

competitiveness and production power. In line with

Sari's research. Set, al (2015), it is known that the

higher the activity of entrepreneurial characteristics

possessed by entrepreneurial women, the more their

entrepreneurial activities will tend to increase.

However, in reality, women as entrepreneurs still

face gender bias issues in society.

According to Ardhanari (in Widowati, 2012),

women who are entrepreneurs in MSME have

several obstacles in running their business. Among

these obstacles are related to creativity, the ease of

obtaining capital as working capital, and gender

equality. Gender is not natural, can change and can

be exchanged between people depending on the

culture of a place (Puspitawati, 2013). There are

several salient differences between women and men

entrepreneurs. According to Alma (2001), women

entrepreneurs are tolerant and flexible, realistic and

creative, enthusiastic and energetic and able to relate

well to the community and have a medium level of

self-confidence. Meanwhile, the self-confidence

possessed by men tends to be higher than most

women.

2.2 Business Motivation

Hasibuan (2003) explains that the notion of

motivation is the provision of a driving force that

creates a person's enthusiasm for work so that they are

willing to cooperate, work effectively, and are

integrated with all their efforts to achieve satisfaction.

According to Kreitner & Kinicki (2005), motivation

is a psychological process that enhances and directs

behavior to achieve goals.

Mc.Clelland in Hasibuan (2003) suggests the

following types of motivation 1) Achievement

Motivation is a desire to overcome or beat a

challenge, for progress, and for growth; 2) Affiliation

Motivation is the urge to make relationships with

other people; 3) Competence Motivation is an

encouragement to perform well by doing high quality

work; and 4) Power Motivation is the urge to be able

to control a situation and the tendency to take risks in

overcoming the obstacles that occur.

According to Gemina D. et, al (2016) that through

entrepreneurship, a person will be motivated to get

minimal rewards in the form of profit, freedom,

personal dreams that may come true, and

independence, in addition to having opportunities for

business development and controlling their own

destiny. According to the research results of Gemina

D, et, al (2016), it is explained that business

motivation has a significant effect on business ability,

where the higher the business motivation will be

followed by the business ability.

2.3 Business Competence

According to Suryana in Sihombing et al., (2013)

competence is defined as the knowledge, skills and

abilities of individuals who have a direct influence on

performance. According to Bird in Sihombing et al.,

(2013) Entrepreneurial competence is defined as

basic characteristics such as general and specific

knowledge, motivation, nature, self-image, social

roles and skills that cause birth, business survival and

business growth.

The importance of business competence is in

accordance with the results of Darya's (2012)

research which states that entrepreneurial

characteristics have a positive and significant effect

on business competence or vice versa. The results of

a positive relationship indicate that the higher the

business competence, the higher the positive effect on

the performance of micro and small businesses and

vice versa.

According to Suryana in Yullu Chistiana, et al.,

(2014), it is revealed that the competencies or abilities

that must be owned by entrepreneurs are in real terms

reflected in the ability and willingness to start a

business (start-up), the ability to do something new

(creative, willingness), and the ability to seek

opportunities (opportunity) the ability and courage to

bear risks (risk bearing) and the ability to develop

ideas and pool resources.

2.4 Business Performance

According to Mulyadi (2007), business performance

is the successful performance of personnel, teams or

organizational units in achieving predetermined

strategic goals using expected behavior. Mulyadi also

explained that the success of achieving strategic goals

needs to be measured. In forming the basis of

performance measurement, a strategy is needed to

determine the size and strategy of the initiative to

achieve these goals. According to Gaspersz (2011),

the Balance ScoreCard as a performance management

system provides a balanced emphasis on the financial

aspects from four perspectives, namely finance,

customers, internal business processes and learning/

growth. MSMEs have the ability to exercise

flexibility in facing various environmental

ICAESS 2020 - The International Conference on Applied Economics and Social Science

challenges. Among the strengths that exist in

MSMEs, some are the flexibility to create, the ability

to innovate and the ability to take actions that are not

possible for large entrepreneurs. Every activity that is

economically impossible to carry out by large

companies basically becomes the strength of small

businesses (Nitisusastro, 2009). However, from the

number of strengths that MSMEs have, it turns out

that small businesses cannot be separated from the

existence of weakness factors, including: weak

management skills, lack of competence in business,

and limited resources. The criteria for MSMEs are

regulated in article 6 of Law No. 20 of 2008

concerning business criteria based on two things,

namely the amount of wealth or the amount of sales

proceeds.

Ratundo & Sackett in Darya (2012) defines that

performance is all actions or behaviors that are

controlled by individuals and contribute to the

achievement of the goals of the organization. There

are 3 (three) major components of performance,

namely: (a) task performance; (b) citizenship

performance; and (c) counter-productive

performance. According to Gibson (2003),

performance refers to the level of success in carrying

out tasks and the ability to achieve predetermined

goals. In line with the research results of Gemina D.

et, al (2014), it is also stated that business ability has

a significant effect on business success, where the

higher the business capacity, the higher the chances

of achieving business success.

2.5 Hypothesis

H1: Womenpreneur activities have a significant

effect on business competence at MSMEs in Batam

City.



H2: Business motivation has a significant effect

on business competence in MSMEs in Batam City.



H3: Business competence has a significant effect



on business performance at MSMEs in Batam



City

2.6 Framework

Figure 1: Framework

3 RESEARCH METHOD

The research design used in this study was

explanatory research. According to Sugiyono (2009)

quantitative research is a research method based on

the positivism philosophy and is used to examine

specific populations or samples where the sampling

technique is generally carried out randomly with data

collection carried out using research instruments, data

analysis is quantitative statistics with the aim to test

the hypothesis that has been determined previously.

The population in this study were women

entrepreneurs in the scale of Micro, Small and

Medium Enterprises assisted by the Department of

Cooperatives and Micro Enterprises of the Batam

City Government. The sampling technique used was

purposive sampling, which is a non-random sampling

technique where the researcher determined the

sampling by determining special characteristics. The

special characteristics of the sample in this research

are women entrepreneurs who have been

entrepreneurs for more than 2 (two) years. The

number of samples in the study that fulfiled the

criteria were 195 women entrepreneur respondents.

3.1 Research Variable

The exogenous variables of this study are

Womenpreneur Activity (X1) and Business

Motivation (X2). The endogenous variables are

Business Competence (Y) and MSMEs Business

Performance (Z).

3.2 Data Collection Techniques

Primary data in this research was obtained through

distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data

collection techniques are carried out by giving a set

of questions or written statements to respondents to

answer them (Sugiyono, 2013).

3.3 Data Analysis Method

The data analysis technique used in this study was

PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation

Modeling) analysis. PLS is used as a prediction

model, does not assume a certain distribution to

estimate parameters and predict the causality

relationship. Therefore, the parametric technique for

testing the significance of the parameters is not

required, and the evaluation model for prediction is

non-parametric. The evaluation of the PLS model is

carried out by evaluating the outer model and innet

model (Jogiyanto, 2011).

Analysis of Womenpreneur Activities and Business Motivation on Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs) in Batam City

Table 1: Validity Test Parameters in the PLS Measurement

Model.

Validity Test Parameter Rule of Thumbs

Convergent

Loading factor



Average variance

extracted (AVE)

Communality

More than 0,7



More than 0,5



More tha

0,5

Discriminant

Root of AVE and

latent variable

correlation of Cross

loading

Root of AVE >

Latent variable

correlation



More than 0,7

in one va

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Characteristics of Respondents

Figure 2: Busines Age

Based on the research data presented in Figure 2

related to the characteristics of women entrepreneur

respondents based on the length of time the business

was established, it can be seen that the average

business <3 years has a percentage of 40%, w hile for

MSME businesses that have been operated for 3 - 9

years has a percentage of 53%, 9 - 16 years have a

percentage of 4% and 16-22 years have a 3%

percentage and there is no business that has been

operated for> 22 years. The conclusion that can be

obtained is that the MSME business for women in

Batam City is dominated by the age of MSMES with

an age of 3 - 9 years.

Figure 3: Income Per Month

Based on the research data presented in Figure 3

above, regarding the income of MSMEs of food-

processed in Batam City, it can be seen that MSMEs

with an income of IDR 1,000,000 – IDR 3,000,000

have a percentage of 4%. Meanwhile, MSMEs with

an income of IDR 3,100,000 – IDR 5,000,000 have a

percentage of 25%. Income IDR 5,100,000 - IDR

10,000,000 has a percentage of 43%, and income >

IDR 10,100.00 has a percentage of 28%. Thus, it can

be concluded that the income per month of MSMEs

is dominated by income ranging from IDR 5,100,000

- IDR 10,000,000.

4.2 Measurement Model (Outer Model)

Evaluation

4.2.1 Construct Validity Test

The construct validity test in general can be measured

by the loading score parameter in the research model

(Rule of Thumbs > 0.7). However, if there is a value

that is above 0.5 or 0.6 for research at an early stage,

then this value is still considered adequate and can be

used (Ghozali, 2014) by using the parameter Average

Variance Extracted (AVE)> 0.50 and Communality>

0.50.

From the table 2, it can be seen that all AVE and

Communality scores have values above 0.50. Thus, it

can be concluded that the construct has good

convergent validity.

Table 2: Convergent Validity Test.

Based on the table 3, it can be concluded that the

root value of AVE is almost entirely higher than the

correlation value between constructs and other

constructs. These results indicate that all the

constructs in the estimated model meet the criteria for

discriminant validity. After testing the outer model,

the results show that all statement items are valid,

namely loading factor> 0.50, AVE> 0.50, and

Communality> 0.50 so that these results can be

analyzed further.

ICAESS 2020 - The International Conference on Applied Economics and Social Science

Table 3: AVE Root Comparison and Latent Variable

Correlation.

4.2.2 Reliability Test

The reliability test is carried out by looking at the

Cronbach Alpha and the Composite Reliability value.

A construct can be said to be reliable when the

Cronbach Alpha value is > 0.6 and the Composite

Reliability value must be > 0.7 (Ghozali, 2014). The

comparison of the Cronbach Alpha and Composite

Reliability values can be seen in the table 4.

In the table 4, it can be seen that the Cronbach

Alpha value for all constructs is more than 0.6 with

the lowest value of 0.969 on the business motivation

variable (X2) and the highest value is 0.986 on the

womenpreneur activity variable (X1). Meanwhile,

the value of the business performance variable (Z) is

0.967 and the business competency variable value (Y)

is 0.969. The Composite Reliability value for all

constructs is more than 0.7 which indicates that all

constructs in the estimated model meet the criteria of

being reliable. The lowest Composite Reliability

value is 0.967 in the business performance variable

(Z). While the highest value is 0.987 in the

womenpreneur activity variable (X2) and the

business competency variable (Y) of 0.973.

Table 4: Comparison of Cronbach Alpha and Composite

Reliability

4.3 The Structural Model

(Inner Model) Evaluation

The testing of the structural model (inner model) aims

to see the relationship between the constructs, the

significance value, and the R- Square of the research

model. Structural models are evaluated using R

Square for the dependent construct, while the path

coefficient or t-values for each path are used to test

the significance of the constructs in the structural

model. Assessment of the structural model with PLS

begins by looking at R- Square for each dependent

latent variable. The results of the R Square estimation

of the dependent latent variable obtained can be seen

in the table below:

Table 5: Value of R Square.

The table 5 shows that the R Square value in the

business performance variable (Z) is 0.029. This

shows that 2.7% of the business performance variable

(Z) may be affected by the business competency

variable (Y), while the remaining 97.1% is influenced

by other variables outside the one under study. The

value of R Square for the business competency

variable (Y) is 0.438 which means that 43.8% of the

business competence variable (Y) can be influenced

by womenpreneur activity (X1) and business

motivation (X2), while the other 56.2% was affected

by variables outside this research variables.

4.4 Hypothesis Results

The significance of the estimated parameters provides

very useful information regarding the correlation of

the research variables. The basis used in testing the

hypothesis was the value that has the following path

coefficient output.

Analysis of Womenpreneur Activities and Business Motivation on Competence and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs) in Batam City

Table 6: Result of Path Coefficient and T-Statistics.

The conclusion obtained based on the table above

is that the first hypothesis is supported by a T- statistic

value of 9.649, which is more than the t- table value

of 1.96. These results indicate that womenpreneur

activities have a positive effect on business

competence. The second hypothesis is supported by

the t-statistic value of 2.142 where this value is more

than the t-table which reflects that business

motivation positively affects business competence.

Furthermore, the third hypothesis is also supported by

the t-statistic value of 3.105, which is above the t-

table value. Thus, it can be interpreted that business

competence positively affects the business

performance of MSMEs.

4.5 Discussion

4.5.1 The Effect of Womenpreneur

Activities on Business Competence

Based on the path coefficient table, it shows that the

relationship between the womenpreneur activity

variable on business competence is significant, where

the t-Statistics value obtained is 9.649. This value is

greater than t-Table 1.96. Thus, the first hypothesis in

this study which states that "Environmental

Uncertainty has a significant effect on Business

Competence" was accepted. The activity of

womenpreneurs in Batam City is a characteristic of

entrepreneutship.

The results of this study are in line with research

conducted by Darya (2011) which concluded that

entrepreneurial characteristics have a significant

effect on business competence. In addition, the results

of the study are also in line with Sari, S. et al (2015)

research which shows that the activities of women

entrepreneurs are influenced by internal factors of

entrepreneurial characteristics. The entrepreneurial

activities of women entrepreneurs can be seen from

marketing, organization, finance, competitiveness

and production power. Therefore, it can be concluded

that womenprneur entrepreneurial activities can

increase the competency skills in managing their

business.

4.5.2 The Effect of Business Motivation on

Business Competence

Based on the path coefficient table, it is known that

the relationship between the variables of business

motivation and business competence is significant,

with the t-Statistics being above the value of 1.96,

which is 2.142. These results indicated that the

relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics

and business competence is positive. Thus, it can be

concluded that the second hypothesis in this study

which states that business motivation has a significant

effect on Business Competence" was accepted. The

results obtained are related to the research of Nurani,

H et al (2013) which explains that business

motivation has been the background for MSME

business managers to open their businesses, with the

hope of getting a better future life and can provide

benefits. This research is in line with research by

Gemina, D et al (2016) which concluded that business

motivation has a significant and positive effect on

business ability.

4.5.3 The Effect of Business Competence (Y)

Variables on Business Performance (Z)

Based on the results of tests carried out on the third

hypothesis (H3), it shows that H3 is accepted. This

means that business competence affects business

performance. This shows that the t-statistic obtained

is 2.824 which is greater than the t-table (1.96). Thus,

the hypothesis is accepted, or in other words, there is

a significant effect of the business competency

variable on the performance variable. A positive

relationship shows that the higher the business

competence, the higher the business performance or

vice versa. In other words, business competence in

the form of ability (Ability) is defined as being able

to manage time efficiently and manage existing

resources well, where MSMEs that have run their

businesses with good business planning will be able

to improve their own business performance.

This research is in line with research conducted by

Dhamayantie et al., (2017) in the title Influence of

Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Competencies to

Improve MSME Performance, which states that

business competencies consist of knowledge, skills,

and abilities has a significant effect on business

performance. These results are in line with the results

of research conducted by Darya (2012) which states

ICAESS 2020 - The International Conference on Applied Economics and Social Science

that business competency variables have an influence

on business performance. Apart from that, the results

of this study are the same as the results of research

conducted by Gemina, D et al (2016), which states

that business ability has a significant effect and is

directly proportional to business success. In this case,

the higher the business capacity, the higher the

business success will be.

5 CONCLUSIONS

5.1 Conclusion

From the results of the research and discussion that

has been explained, the conclusions obtained are as

follows:

1) Womenprneur activities on business competence

had a positive and significant effect, which was

evidenced by the T-statistic value of 9.649.

2) Business motivation on business competence had

a positive and significant effect as evidenced by

the T-statistic value of 2.142.

3) Business competence on business performance

had a positive and significant effect, which was

evidenced by the T-statistic value of 2.824

5.2 Suggestion

Based on the conclusions and limitations of this

study, the following suggestions are proposed for

future research:

1) Womenpreneurs must improve their competence

in a sustainable manner to cope with

environmental changes that occur so rapidly,

among others, by increasing their knowledge,

skills, and abilities so that business competencies

will increase. Besides they need also to always be

up to date regarding changes in government

regulations.

2) The government or the stakeholders can provide

stimulus in the form of assistance and support in

the form of capital and training so that

womenpreneurs can continue to be motivated to

improve their competence in entrepreneurship.

3) In running a business, entrepreneurs should pay

attention to business competence. Business

competence can be developed by following

trainings provided by the Office of Cooperatives

and Micro Enterprises, in addition to developing

businesses with creative ideas.

4) More research variables and indicators should be

added so that the research conducted can provide

useful information for Batam City's Micro, Small

and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) so that the

performance of MSMEs in this case can increase.

5) It is recommended for womenpreneurs to gather

with a community or entrepreneur association, so

that their enthusiasm and motivation for

entrepreneurship will always grow. The gathering

of womenpreneurs into a business community is

expected to create a collaboration and partner

together in developing their business.

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