Smart Cities Education as Mobility, Energy & ICT Hub

Darya Bululukova

, Momir Tabakovic

and Harald Wahl

Institute of Information Engineering and Security, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien,

Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria

Institute of Renewable Energy, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien,

Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, austria

Keywords: Smart Cities Education, Learning Platform, Smart Cities Master, Smart Mobility, Smart Energy.

Abstract: The subject of smart cities is highly discussed topic not only in the domain-specific mobility, energy and

ICT circles but also in the educational and research-related fields. The questions are arising along with the

broader acceptance of smart cities by general public. What are the required crucial competence fields for

future smart cities specialists? Are the existing study programs able to cover demand for smart cities

education? What are the career prospects for future smart cities specialists? The European Academic Smart

Cities Network is aiming to build up competence in the area of smart cities education, to establish an

academic network in Austria and to expand the training opportunities at the University of Applied Sciences

Technikum Wien with smart cities tailored Bachelor and Master study programs. This paper summarizes the

status quo of the project activities and describes exemplary integration of the proposed educational

programs based on practice- and professional field-oriented, diversity-fair approach. Starting with the

relevant smart cities national strategies, the project proposes cross-departmental integration of smart cities

into existing activities. The proposed approach may serve as a base for further development of smart cities

specific educational opportunities at university level. Finally, a conclusion of the paper is presented in

section 5.

1 CURRENT SMART CITIES

TRENDS

To maintain urban high quality of living against the

background of restricting conditions, it is necessary

to strive for constant self-analysis and the

development of new and innovative solutions.

Cities in Austria are constantly evolving and

need to reinvent themselves continuously, especially

due to drastically changing climate and increasing

scarce of resources. This fact calls for novel global

approaches. Since the end of 2010, the Austrian

Climate and Energy Fund and the Federal Ministry

of Transport, Innovation and Technology (BMVIT)

have supported the development of strategies,

technologies, and solutions to support cities and

their residents in their transition to an energy-

efficient and climate-friendly way of life. Common

objectives of these strategies are the improvement of

the quality of life and the positioning of Austria as

an attractive business location.

While since 2010 the Smart City initiative has

been focusing on the support of comprehensive

urban demonstration and implementation projects in

their calls for proposals, the BMVIT’s technology

program “City of the Future” is striving for the

development of new technologies, subsystems and

urban services in the modern cities (Climate and

Energy Fund, 2011). Furthermore, in 2014, the City

of Vienna has launched an extensive the Smart City

Wien framework strategy (Stadt Wien,

Magistratabteilung 18 - Stadtentwicklung und

Stadtplanung , 2014).

The considered time horizons have been

extended to 2050, since the necessary and often

fundamental changes in the fields of energy,

mobility or construction require cost and time

consuming processes. The goals of the framework

have been specified in a long procedure with several

executive policy groups, as well as numerous

experts. Apart from the national evaluation an

intense exchange of experience has taken place with

other European cities that likewise aspire to meet

smart city goals.

The Smart City Wien framework strategy is

Bululukova, D., Tabakovic, M. and Wahl, H.

Smart Cities Education as Mobility, Energy & ICT Hub.

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems (SMARTGREENS 2016), pages 117-124

ISBN: 978-989-758-184-7

117

directed at diverse target groups of the city,

including Vienna’s citizens, enterprises, non-profit

institutions, and, finally, the public sector itself. The

strategy and derived actions are expected to deploy a

strong external effect to position Vienna as a

responsible and impulse-generating metropolis in

Europe. (Stadt Wien, Magistratabteilung 18 -

Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung , 2014).

2 EU-ASCIN GOALS

The European Academic Smart Cities Network (EU-

ASCIN) project, founded by the municipal

government of the City of Vienna, is an initial

attempt to integrate smart cities topic into

educational programs at the University of Applied

Sciences (UAS) Technikum Wien. Furthermore, the

project supports the existing Smart City Wien

framework strategy in education and training fields

of action. Along with the technology-oriented goals

Smart City Wien framework defines equal

opportunities in education, lifelong learning and

social awareness as the crucial basis for the

successful smart cities integration (Stadt Wien,

Magistratabteilung 18 - Stadtentwicklung und

Stadtplanung , 2014).

EU-ASCIN project provides a solid foundation

for smart cities deployment through setting up of the

academic network, enhancement of the existing

study programs with the smart cities emphasis and

design of the new study programs.

The implementation of the project goals takes

place in three interacting tracks, addressing

independent target groups, see figure 1.

Figure 1: EU-ASCIN goals.

The broader public is addressed by education and

communication platform, providing open source

courses in smart cities related topics, as well as

information on current events and citizen

participation possibilities. Qualified decision

makers are planned to be addressed by an

international post-graduate program. Finally

prospective smart cities specialists are addressed by

currently developed Bachelor’s and Master’s

programs (Bululukova and Wahl, 2015).

3 EU-ASCIN RESULTS

The previous research and planning of the EU-

ASCIN project provided an extensive base for the

follow up implementation steps (Bululukova and

Wahl, 2015).

Hereinafter, a status update for the EU-ASCIN

activities, as well the most significant project

insights are described. The main achievements

within project are the summer school, held in

summer 2015, smart cities specialization integrated

within the existing Bachelor study programs and the

smart cities Master program currently being

elaborated.

All activities within the project are accompanied

by the gender and diversity screening. The

development of the study program is based on the

occupational research performed to specify the

professional focus of the master program.

3.1 EU-ASCIN Summer School

The international exchange of knowledge is an

important part of the EU-ASCIN project. Several

summer schools have been already held in

cooperation with the UAS Ulm, Slovak Technical

University Bratislava, Széchenyi István University,

Obuda University, and Budapest University of

Technology and Economics in different smart cities

related areas (Danube Universities, 2013). The 4th

summer school Green Waves with an emphasis on

smart cities along the Danube was held in June

2015. The initial session for this summer school was

held in Vienna at the UAS Technikum Wien,

presenting the smart city Vienna framework

strategy, followed by a podium discussion with

representatives from industry, government and

academia. Afterwards, participants got the

possibility to visit Urban Lakeside Aspern smart city

project.

Vienna's Urban Lakeside, is Austria's largest

construction site and urban development project

with over 20 departments of the Vienna city

administration involved. The development of the

Urban Lakeside is more than the urban city planning

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project, but rather building city within a city with the

main goal to transform Aspern into an urban centre

with international profile. The construction takes

place in several phases over the next 20 years on the

area equivalent to 340 football pitches, providing

high-quality living environment for 20,000 people

and same number of workplaces. The main goals of

the project involve flagship activities for further

urban development, implementation of outstanding

building performance according to the EU directive

on energy efficiency and use of energy-producing

renewable energy technologies. (Aspern

Development AG, 2015).

The second day Bachelor and Master students

got the possibility to present their research and

project results to all attendees followed by

laboratory visit of UAS Technikum Wien.

Finally, an excursion to Gyor has been

organised, for on-site visit of smart city related

developments. The trip continued by visits of the

TU-Budapest and Obuda University. Firstly, smart

city activities in Hungary and the smart city related

research from the participants was presented. The

summer school was concluded with an on-site visit

of energy-efficiency projects in Obuda residential

area and intelligent lighting pilot test site.

On one hand, the summer school offered

students great opportunity to gain insight into smart

cities activities on international level. On the other

hand, it is a big opportunity for students to

benchmark their projects and knowledge in an

international context.

3.2 Integration into Existing Bachelor

Programs

The starting point to raise awareness of smart cities

topic at the UAS Technikum Wien is the extension

of the existing related Bachelor study programs.

Students have the possibility to get acquainted with

the general smart cities topics to be able to choose

related Master courses. This chapter sums up the

accomplished integration of smart cities subject into

the Bachelor degree programs “Transport and

Environment” as well as “Urban Renewable Energy

Technology” at the UAS Technikum Wien.

The concept of the smart cities integration is

intentionally focused three smart cities domains:

smart mobility, smart energy, and ICT, with the goal

to more deeply understand the interconnection of

these areas. Individual domains have been analysed

and specified within the initial research steps of the

EU-ASCIN project (Bululukova, et al., 2014).

3.2.1 Smart Cities in Transport &

Environment

The integration of the smart cities topics into

existing Transport and Environment Bachelor

Program is implemented as a one of 4 selectable

specializations, which include Smart Cities,

Intelligent Transport Systems, Electric Vehicles and

Transportation Planning. While the other three

specializations are covering more transportation

domain specific topics, smart cities specialization is

the first attempt to provide interconnected training

courses, see table 1.

The specialization has been elaborated

considering the requirements of Smart City Wien

Framework Strategy goals and the observed

educational gap in the interdisciplinary education

(Wahl, et al., 2014).

Table 1: Bachelor specialisation courses.

Specialization

Courses

Learning Outcomes

Socio-Technical

Aspects of Smart

Cities (3 ECTS)

Students are able to point out

impacts and benefits of

technological solutions

considering gender and diversity

aspects within crossover of

mobility, energy and ICT in smart

cities

Smart City

Influencing

Factors (3 ECTS)

Students are able to describe

smart cities as a concept, to

compare different

implementations of smart cities in

an international context and to

define the interactions between

urban planning, mobility,

building, industry and energy

planning

Big Data in Smart

Cities (3 ECTS)

Students are able to analyse and

explain challenges posed by Big

Data, its sources and its potential

impact for specific domain of

smart cities and to make use of

suitable tools for basic Big Data

tools and frameworks

Urban Energy

Supply Systems

(3 ECTS)

Students are able to define

influencing factors on the urban

energy demand, to compare

energy systems used in urban

environments and to work with

modelling and scenario-

development tools

3.2.2 Smart Cities in Urban Renewable

Energy Technologies

The Urban Renewable Energy Technologies

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Bachelor’s degree program is the interface between

energy technology, technical building systems, and

plant construction. Within the 4th or 5th semester of

the program, three specialization tracks Building

Energy Design, Large-Scale Plants and Integrated

Energy Technologies are already offered. Starting in

2015, a new Smart Cities specialization track has

been introduced.

The specialization starts in the 4th semester with

such topics as integrated design of urban

technological energy projects (energy, buildings,

networks), design options (architecture in urban

areas) and the user behaviour (diversity). The

specialization of the 5th semester provides more

complex insight into technological concepts,

geographical aspects area and regional, urban

administrative frameworks. The course is designed

as hands on project work with the main goal to

introduce an integrated planning process for a small

smart city projects, for instance a building

refurbishment in urban areas. The project

implementation involves usage of specific

simulation software. The project gains additional

benefits through the integration of interdisciplinary

teams. This course rated with 15 ECTS points for

both semesters (6 ECTS in 4th and 9 ECTS in 5th

semester).

3.3 Development of a Smart Cities

Master Program

The main step planned for smart cities dissemination

at the UAS Technikum is the elaboration of an

inherent smart cities Master’s degree program. Prior

to development of the explicit curriculum, a

feasibility study for education demand and skills

analysis has been performed. The demand analysis

considers future employment prospects of the

graduates based on relevant studies and secondary

statistical data analysis. Additionally, the study

includes interviews with fifteen experts from the

smart cities relevant companies and organizations.

Furthermore, the acceptance analysis evaluated

several study programs with certain degree of

coherence to the planned Master’s degree program,

to estimate the number of future potential applicants.

The planned curriculum for the new program is

strongly compliant with the general educational

strategy of the UAS Technikum Wien, which is

divided into three main areas of expertise: technical,

economic and social skills education.

The technical skills within the new Master

curriculum are subdivided, on one hand into

introductory compensation modules for students

with few to no smart cities background and on the

other hand mandatory or selectable smart cities

specific skills. To improve the interdisciplinary

approach, the master program offers student the

possibility to deepen their knowledge in hands-on

project work. The economic and social skills courses

are supporting the implementation, innovation with

national and international trends and business

models.

The general curriculum is built up as follows, see

table 2.

Table 2: Master’s degree program curriculum.

Areas of expertise ECTS

Smart Cities related project work 12

Scientific Methodology and Tools 36

Smart Cities Domain Basics (introductory

courses)

Smart Cities Core Competences 48

Socio-technical Skills 12

Economic, Management and Legal

Foundations

Since the main goal of the master study program

is to diversify student groups, it is important to

guarantee equal chances for students with various

backgrounds by providing introductory courses in

the main topics of smart cities. The smart cities

domain basics include the core areas, such as

transportation planning, urban energy supply, IT

networks, and data management fundamentals.

The mandatory courses such as urban mobility,

smart cities frameworks, urban renewable energy

systems, urban planning, data analysis, statistics, and

business models, provide a very broad and

interconnected insight into smart cities specific

domains and introduce necessary tools for future

smart cities specialists as decision makers.

Apart from the mandatory courses, students get

the possibility to choose one specific elective track

each semester. Currently, selectable topics cover

extensive areas of smart cities, see table 3, to be

extended for future needs.

Table 3: Selectable tracks in Master’s degree program.

Selectable Track Contents

Urban Housing Densification in urban areas,

energy-based renovation

Trends in urban

energy supply

Technological trends in the energy

supply of modern cities

Physical

Measurement-

Methods

Measurement technology of

physical smart cities

characteristics

Embedded

Systems

Internet of things, sensor data

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Table 3: Selectable tracks in Master’s degree program

(Cont.).

Selectable Track Contents

Human factors in

modern

transportation

The human factors and

transportation safety

Greenhouse

emission

reduction

Methods and concepts for

reduction of the CHG

Urban logistic

systems

Technology in urban logistics and

fleet management

Electric vehicles State of the art in battery

technology and electric vehicles

Sensors and

Control Theory

Sensor data measurement and

usage in control theory, control

engineering technology

Distributed and

dependable

systems

Sensor networks and distributed

computing

Urban lighting

technology

Lightning technologies for urban

lighting

Image-processing Applied image processing

IT Security in

Energy and

Mobility

IT security concepts in energy and

mobility domains

eHealth Integration and usage of connected

medical IT infrastructures,

crowed-sources healthcare

Big Data Technical concepts in Big Data,

semantic knowledge and linked

data

Autonomous

Driving

Technology for autonomous

vehicles and navigation

Cooperative

Systems

Car to car, car to infrastructure

communication

Currently, the designed smart cities master program

is in process of approval executed by a government-

assigned quality assurance company.

3.4 Occupation Research

An important integrative part of the EU-ASCIN

project is the professional field research of the smart

cities. Internal and external specialists have been

consulted, such as the City of Vienna endowed

professorship for occupation research at the UAS

Technikum Wien, as well as an external consultant

agency. The main goal of this analysis is to clearly

define the prospective job profiles.

The first step in the evaluation of the relevant

competences includes clarification and delimitation

of the concerned domains. The smart cities

definition used in the EU-ASCIN project

summarizes smart cities as development and

implementation of IT-based and integrated city

solutions with the main goal to achieve a sustainable

urban development in the mobility and renewable

energy domains.

As the results of the evaluation following main

sectors for potential employment of the smart cities

graduates could be identified:

1. Infrastructure, such as energy supply,

transportation and logistics, ICT,

environment and waste management

2. Management and planning, such as city

administration and management, public

safety, urban planning and building

management

3. Industry, such as technology in mobility,

energy and ICT domains

4. Services, such as R&D, education and

consulting

Based on the identified employment sectors, the

requirements on the educational program could be

elaborated. The graduates of this master program are

characterised by their ability to design and

implement holistic city development projects, based

on socio-technical constraints. This includes skills

and competences in project and process management

for development of urban infrastructures, social

system analysis for cooperative and cross-domain

support of urban stakeholders and technological

assessment.

The design of the new smart city master program

started with the definition of the required learning

outcomes, and in particular what graduates are

expected to be able to perform upon successful

completion. In the area of smart cities professional

skills students should be able:

 To assess and to manage urban traffic

 To design and asses energy-efficient supply

infrastructures

 To design secure smart cities

 To integrate various data sources

 To elaborate holistic approaches for urban

areas

 To implement cross-domain simulations

and scenarios

 To develop new business models in cross-

domain filed of mobility, energy and ICT

Apart from the technology specific knowledge and

skills students must be able to perform tasks in the

personal and social-technological field:

 To identify and analyse all affected user

groups for urban solutions

 To cooperate and communicate with

technical and non-technical diversified

stakeholders

 To asses technological solutions in terms of

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their social impact

The external research of the occupation demand

has shown similar to the internal analysis results.

Regarding the qualifications of the prospective

graduates of the Master’s program, the interviewed

experts emphasized among other qualifications, the

technical fundamentals in all areas of smart cities,

but in particular in mobility, spatial and

transportation planning, renewable energy, modern

buildings and ICT. Furthermore the strong demand

for competence in sociology, socio-demographics

and policy frameworks has been identified.

The result of the external evaluation has assessed

the employment situation for future graduates based

on the quantitative surveys as very promising. The

employment number in the relevant economic

sectors, both in Austria an in Vienna in particular,

have shown slightly increased shares in the past five

years. The unemployment rates of the graduates in

coherent UAS degree programs have shown

comparably low numbers (Mertens and Schwenk,

2015).

3.5 Gender & Diversity

The European Commission convened an expert

group “Innovation through Gender” in February

2011 (European Commission, 2013) to support

dissemination of the gender topics in EU research.

In March 2013, the UAS Technikum Wien

joined this initiative and defined Gender and

Diversity guidelines for research and education. The

guidelines, in particular, apply to the Smart City

activities at the UAS Technikum Wien (UAS

Technikum Wien, 2015).

At initial steps of the EU-ASCIN project all

cooperation partners have been encouraged to

participate in a gender and diversity workshop to

discuss this topic in a smart city context. The project

team itself shows a high diversity level in terms of

language, culture and educational background.

The deliverables and the documents of the

project are continuously screened according the

Gender Mainstreaming Tool (GeM) developed at the

UAS Technikum Wien. The GeM is composed of

four steps: analysis, goal definition, realization and

evaluation.

Within the framework of the project the

educational course on socio-technical aspects of

smart cities has been held for the first time in the

Bachelor's degree Transport and Environment. The

course was organized by the board member of

Women in Mobility & Energy, Environment

Network) (WIMEN) (WIMEN, 2015). WIMEN is

an independent, non-political network of associates

who use this forum for professional exchange in the

field of their expertise. WIMEN focuses on the areas

of mobility, energy, ecology and public space.

The eight students obtained an introduction to

the topics of society and technology with special

attention to gender and diversity issues.

3.6 Student Activities

The Smart City Wien Framework strategy has set

the goal for steady reduction of resource

consumption within the city boarders, the

preservation of the quality of life and progress in the

innovative field by 2050 (Stadt Wien,

Magistratabteilung 18 - Stadtentwicklung und

Stadtplanung , 2014). The area of resource

conservation refers to the upgrading and

rehabilitation of the urban housing. In the course of

the smart cities specialisation, students got the

possibility to take part in elaborating and design of

an exemplary refurbishment project. The hands on

project included development of a restructuring plan

for renewable energy power supply, facade

optimization, building automatization technology,

quality of habitat and heating / cooling technology in

connection with verification processes. The design

was performed based on energy performance

certificates and ecological balance sheets.

Students have been divided into four working

groups, each dealing with the own independent tasks

e.g. ventilation, heating, cooling, and daylight-use

concepts. The second part of the project aimed to

create two different heating and ventilation system

options and to evaluate and review their efficiency.

The work focused on the technical design and the

energy efficiency assessment. The third part had the

target to determine whether the restructuring was

ecologically worthwhile, while ignoring the

investment cost.

4 PROSPECTIVE

COOPERATION AND

ACTIVITIES

Since the EU-ASCIN Project has not been

completed so far, several steps are still in progress,

such as planned smart cities conference, ongoing

development in smart cities competence teams, as

well as, planned endowed professorship. This

chapter sums up the activities and implementation

steps planned within final project year.

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4.1 Smart Cities Conference

In several past years, more and more conferences in

the thematic section of smart cities have been

organized. The aim of the most events is to bring

together researchers, designers, developers,

government, industry and practitioners interested in

the advances and applications in the field of smart

cities, green information and communication

technologies, sustainability, energy aware systems

and Technologies.

In contrast to the existing conferences, the EU-

ASCIN smart city conference has the target to bring

the academic community from Austria and Europe

together. The two days lasting conference will be

supported by City of Vienna and will take place at

the Vienna City Hall in autumn 2016. The UAS

Technikum Wien takes over the scientific leader of

the conference.

The participating experts have background in

infrastructure, urban planning, mobility, energy,

socio-economic social implications, ICT, and

usability. The conference will be completed by an

on-site visit to the Aspern Vienna's Urban Lakeside.

4.1 Smart Cities Competence Team

Building up on the internationalization, networking,

and know-how objectives of the EU-ASCIN project

a subsequent activities for smart cities development

has been planned and implemented.

On one hand, based on the long-term contact

with the UAS Ulm (Germany) as well as existing

network of Danube universities, a joint research

activities followed by a joint smart city study

program are currently being evaluated.

To be able to internally cover the increasing

demand for smart cities specific courses an

application for the own smart cities competence

team has been submitted and successfully founded

by the municipal government of the City of Vienna.

The main objective of the competence team for

Intelligent Technologies in Smart Cities (KiTSmart)

is to develop smart cities related courses and support

scientific dissemination in the research community

(UAS Technikum Wien, 2016).

4.2 Endowed Professorship

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive

(EPBD) requires all new buildings to be nearly zero-

energy by the end of 2020 (EPBD, 2014). Therefore,

a fundamental re-orientation of teaching in the area

of buildings and building blocks is required. UAS

Technikum Wien is ready to meet this challenge and

engages an endowed professorship exclusive for this

topic. The aim is to implement new teaching

methods for building and building blocks in the

current Master’s and Bachelor’s degree programs.

Apart from the renewable power supply, the task

of the endowed professorship is to develop

competence within the area of building

sustainability, i.e. usage of sustained materials,

comfort, healthy and ecological buildings. In

addition, the user’s behaviour and diversity are the

main focus, which is not yet integrated in daily

building planning process.

5 CONCLUSIONS

The EU-ASCIN project proposes integration of the

smart cities, taking into account requirements of the

relevant regional and EU wide framework strategies,

in particular, Smart City Vienna framework strategy.

This paper sums up current status quo of the project

with already accomplished milestones, including

integration of smart cities into Bachelor’s programs

and development of an independent smart cities

oriented Master’s program.

Furthermore, the paper provides deeper insight

into design process and motivation behind the

development of the first smart cities specific

practice-oriented education at UAS Technikum

Wien. Detailed insights into occupation research, as

well as gender and diversity sensitive topics are

provided.

The proposed approach provides an extensive

base for general design of modern study programs,

which may be onward re-used, independent from the

specific domain of smart cities. The experiences

made within the project should offer more practical

support for smart cities dissemination in academic

and R&D fields.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project EU-ASCIN is funded by the City of

Vienna, department MA23, under the grant number

MA23-Project 14-04.

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