Authors:
Miguel Tavares
1
;
Emanuel Vieira
1
;
João Almeida
2
and
Paulo Bartolomeu
1
Affiliations:
1
Instituto de Telecomunicações - Departamento de Eletrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
;
2
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Keyword(s):
Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communications, Consensus Protocols, Cooperative Traffic Maneuvers, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Maneuver Coordination, Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT).
Abstract:
The introduction of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) has changed the face of the automotive sector, enhancing further developments in cooperative mobility, public safety and improved transportation system management. This paper presents an example study of the application of consensus algorithms in Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) environments to enable reliable communication among vehicles for the realization of cooperative traffic maneuvers. Among others, an important mechanism employed in this work is the Verifiable Event Extension (VEE), which adds the reliability feature to the V2X communications and ensures trust. In addition to assessing various network conditions in detail, this work analyzes the performance and resiliency trade-offs of different consensus protocols applied to maneuver coordination scenarios, namely Zyzzyva, Prat-ical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT), HotStuff, and Three-Phase Commit (3PC). The obtained results underline the feasibility of applying robust,
highly scalable fault-tolerant solutions to open the way towards a safe deployment of next-generation cooperative and autonomous driving systems.
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