Authors:
            
                    Ana Antunes
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Inês Filipe
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Sara Cordeiro
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Joana Rosa
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Filomena Carnide
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                     and
                
                    Ricardo Matias
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    
                
        
        
            Affiliations:
            
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    University of Lisbon, Portugal
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    University of Lisbon, Setúbal Polytechnic Institute, Instituto Superior Técnico and University of Lisbon, Portugal
                
        
        
        
        
        
             Keyword(s):
            Biofeedback, Scapulothoracic Stability, Motor Relearning, Physiotherapy.
        
        
            
                Related
                    Ontology
                    Subjects/Areas/Topics:
                
                        Biosignal Acquisition, Analysis and Processing
                    ; 
                        Human-Computer Interaction
                    ; 
                        Methodologies and Methods
                    ; 
                        Physiological Computing Systems
                    
            
        
        
            
                Abstract: 
                Three-dimensional (3D) kinematic biofeedback can help identify scapular movement disorders and assist the subjects' motor relearning process by facilitating changes in physiological and biomechanical function through real-time knowledge of performance and result during or immediately after a task execution. This study assessed the effectiveness of 3D kinematic biofeedback on the quality of the scapula-focused exercises execution, and motor learning transfer during shoulder flexion and a daily activity. Thirty healthy adults with no history of shoulder pain or dysfunction were randomly distributed into two groups. Skin-mounted sensors allowed tracking of the thorax, scapula and humerus, and scapulothoracic and glenohumeral 3D angles were computed after reconstructing upper-extremity motions during daily activities and exercises for different phases of a motor relearning process. The results of this study demonstrate that the execution quality of scapula-focused exercises benefits of r
                eal-time 3D kinematic biofeedback and that transfer of learning occurs with a specific motor training intervention.
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