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University of Porto, Portugal

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36 Papers

Illegitimate HIS Access by Healthcare Professionals Detection System Applying an Audit Trail-based Model

Topics: Ehealth; Confidentiality and Data Security; Medical Informatics

Authors: Liliana Sá-Correia ¹ , Manuel Correia ² and Ricardo Cruz-Correia ³

Affiliations: ¹ HLTSYS, HealthySystems, lda, Porto, Portugal , ² Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Portugal , ³ HLTSYS, HealthySystems, lda, Porto, Portugal, Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems - CINTESIS, Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0008991505390546

Proceedings of HEALTHINF 2020, ISBN: 978-989-758-398-8

Quick Abstract

Complex data management on healthcare institutions makes very hard to identify illegitimate accesses which is a serious issue. We propose to develop a system to detect accesses with suspicious behavior for further investigation. We modeled use cases (UC) and sequence diagrams (SD) showing the data flow between users and systems. The algorithms represented by activity diagrams apply rules based on professionals’ routines, use data from an audit trail (AT) and classify accesses as suspicious or normal. The algorithms were evaluated between 23rd and 31st July 2019. The results were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies and dispersion measures. Access classification was in accordance to rules applied. “Check time of activity” UC had 64,78% of suspicious classifications, being 55% of activity period shorter and 9,78% longer than expected, “Check days of activity” presented 2,27% of suspicious access and “EHR read access” 79%, the highest percentage of suspicious accesses. The results show the first picture of HIS accesses. Deeper analysis to evaluate algorithms sensibility and specificity should be done. Lack of more detailed information about professionals’ routines and systems, and low quality of systems logs are some limitations. Although we believe this is an important step in this field.

Informatics as Support for Changes in Health Policy: A Case in Obstetrics

Topics: Evaluation and Use of Healthcare IT; Electronic Health Records and Standards; Medical Informatics

Authors: Giovana Gelatti ¹ , Pedro Rodrigues ² and Ricardo João Correia ²

Affiliations: ¹ Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences of University of São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos, Brasil, Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal , ² Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal, Universidade do Porto, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0009173807450749

Proceedings of HEALTHINF 2020, ISBN: 978-989-758-398-8

Quick Abstract

Introduction: In 2015 the Directorate-General for Health of Portugal published new standards (DGS 001/2015) for the registration of cesarean section indicators. The existing scenario was the lack of data, influencing the quality of indicators and analyses on them. The use of a single computer tool was encouraged to register and compare indicators between hospitals with special attention to the Robson Classification as it employs basic information of pregnancy to classify all deliveries in 10 groups. The selected tool was Obscare software. Aim: Describe the scenario on data quality by analyzing the completeness of obstetric records from 2016 to 2018 of the variables used in Robson’s classification collected by the Obscare tool. Methods: The completeness is evaluated using a number of missing values. The lower the completeness, the higher the number of missing values. Also, we perform the imputation of data based on basic concepts and analyzed the participation of this data in the indication of the type of delivery to be performed according to classification suggested by DGS 001/2015. Results: From 2016 to 2018, 5922 number of pregnancies resulted in 5922 of Robson Classifications. The variables with lower completeness were related to previous cesarean section (77%) and previous pregnancies (43%). After imputation, it fell to 3.9% and 0.56%, respectively causing 4.6% of discarded data from the total. Discussion: There is a significant amount of missing data in basic variables used to study the classification of delivery type. We believe that encouraging data completion with the possibility of comparing data between hospitals should be a priority in the health area.

Patients to Mobilize Their Data: Secure and Flexible mHealth Delegation

Topics: Identity and Trust Management; Security Architecture and Design Analysis; Web Applications and Services; Access and Usage Control

Authors: Rafael Almeida , Pedro Vieira-Marques and Ana Ferreira

Affiliation: CINTESIS - Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0008972905520560

Proceedings of ICISSP 2020, ISBN: 978-989-758-399-5

Quick Abstract

This work describes the development of a prototype of a secure and flexible delegation architecture, to be applied to an mHealth scenario where a mobile app is used for monitoring and coaching asthma patients. The motivation is the fact that mHealth apps are not security prepared and patients still have no trust in using them, on a regular basis. Nonetheless, patients can acknowledge mHealth potential and see the relevance of sharing/delegating health data to others, e.g., healthcare professionals, depending not only on the necessity and security, but also on the level of control they can have over it. This proposal empowers the patient to control, in a flexible, easy and secure way, fine-grained delegation features within a real mHealth setting.

mHealth Applications: Can User-adaptive Visualization and Context Affect the Perception of Security and Privacy?

Topics: Adaptive and Adaptable User Interfaces; Interaction Techniques and Devices; Interface Design

Authors: Joana Muchagata , Pedro Vieira-Marques and Ana Ferreira

Affiliation: CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto and Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0007724304440451

Proceedings of ICEIS 2019, ISBN: 978-989-758-372-8

Quick Abstract

Through mobile applications, patients and health professionals are able to access and monitor health data. But even with user-adaptive systems, which can adjust interface content according to individual’s needs and context (e.g., physical location), data privacy can be at risk, as these techniques do not aim to protect them or even identify the presence of vulnerabilities. The main goal of this paper is to test with end-users the adaptive visualization techniques, together with the context where they are used, to understand how these may influence users’ security perception, and decide which techniques can be applied to improve security and privacy of visualized data. An online survey was applied to test two different use-cases and contexts, where traditional access and access using visualization techniques are compared in terms of security characteristics. Preliminary results with 27 participants show that when accessing personal data from a patients’ perspective, the context has higher influence in the perception of confidentiality (authorized access) and integrity (authorized modification) of visualized data while for a health professional’s perspective, independently of the context, the visualization techniques are the ones that seem to primarily influence participants’ choices for those security characteristics. For availability (data available to authorized users whenever necessary), both visualization techniques and context have little, or no influence, in the participants’ choice.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (5)

Adaptive and Adaptable User Interfaces		Human-Computer Interaction		Interface Design
Enterprise Information Systems		Interaction Techniques and Devices

Usability Study of a Tool for Patients’ Access Control to Their Health Data

Topics: Evaluation and Use of Healthcare IT; Electronic Health Records and Standards; Human-Machine Interfaces; Medical Informatics; Design and Development of Methodologies for Healthcare IT

Authors: Sandra Reis ¹ , Ana Ferreira ² , Pedro Vieira-Marques ² and Ricardo Cruz-Correia ³

Affiliations: ¹ Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto – FMUP, Porto, Portugal, HealthySystems - HLTSYS, Lda, Porto and Portugal , ² Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto – FMUP, Porto, Portugal, Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems – CINTESIS, Porto and Portugal , ³ Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto – FMUP, Porto, Portugal, HealthySystems - HLTSYS, Lda, Porto, Portugal, Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems – CINTESIS, Porto and Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0007391200940102

Proceedings of HEALTHINF 2019, ISBN: 978-989-758-353-7

Quick Abstract

Considering the need that is expected for the institutions to be compliant with the new legislation we intended to create a tool (MyRegister) that will allow patients to know which professionals accessed their health data in healthcare institutions where they have had previous contact. Before development we decided to create a functional prototype to validate the user interface of the tool with real users. We created an evaluation instrument consisting of 4 tasks and a SUS questionnaire that allowed us to evaluate the MyRegister interface of the prototype by the participants. The results of the evaluation of the prototype allowed us to identify some of the major usability problems of the interface, while the SUS score of 79.5 in 100 is a result that shows good usability. Regarding the performed tasks, all were completed by the participants but not all of them answered correctly to the questions asked. After correcting the problems found and implementing the suggestions of the participants that we consider permissible to include, we intend to continue this project with the development of the tool and test its usability as well as user experience in real environments with a wider and more heterogeneous sample.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (7)

Biomedical Engineering	Health Information Systems	Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
Electronic Health Records and Standards	Human-Machine Interfaces	Robotics and Automation
Evaluation and Use of Healthcare IT

High Tech, High Touch: Integrating Digital and Human AAL Advisory Services for Older Adults

Topics: Decision Support Systems; Agent-based Interfaces; Autonomy and Active Ageing; Self-fulfillment and Social Participation

Authors: Diotima Bertel ¹ , Soraia Teles ² , Flora Strohmeier ¹ , Pedro Vieira-Marques ³ , Paul Schmitter ⁴ , Stefan Ruscher ¹ , Constança Paúl ² and Andrea Ch. Kofler ⁴

Affiliations: ¹ SYNYO GmbH, Austria , ² Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Portugal , ³ Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Portugal , ⁴ Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0006799002410249

Proceedings of ICT4AWE 2018, ISBN: 978-989-758-299-8

Quick Abstract

While Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) solutions have conquered some market niches of service provisions to the ageing society, those services are often still provided in isolation and in a technocentric way. In this position paper, we build on the concepts of engagement ecosystems and engagement platforms to argue that an integration of physical and virtual worlds is necessary for service provisions in the AAL field in general and in advisory services in particular. We discuss the challenge on how to integrate virtual and physical dimensions in a solution for stakeholders’ engagement. With a focus on the ‘human touch’, we conceptualize Active Advisors, embedded in the scope of the EU-funded project ActiveAdvice. We state that the concept of a human advisor is of utmost relevance in this field due to the digital divide still affecting older age groups. Active Advisors help to overcome the shortage of most service and product platforms, i.e. lack of personalization and interaction, and at the same time offer a face-to-face (f2f) experience in the consumer-organization interactions.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (10)

Artificial Intelligence	Data Engineering	Health Engineering and Technology Applications
Business Analytics	Decision Support Systems	Knowledge-Based Systems
Cardiovascular Technologies	Decision Support Systems, Remote Data Analysis	Symbolic Systems
Computing and Telecommunications in Cardiology

Phishing Through Time: A Ten Year Story based on Abstracts

Topic: Phishing

Authors: Ana Ferreira and Pedro Vieira-Marques

Affiliation: University of Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0006552602250232

Proceedings of ICISSP 2018, ISBN: 978-989-758-282-0

Quick Abstract

For a researcher interested in phishing, it would be useful to access an overview of phishing evolution through time, where a set of methods, tools, solutions, user studies, type of attacks, countermeasures and so on, could be acquired from a single story. This story is essential for the security community to improve on existing research as well as build new effective countermeasures to face phishing attacks. However, no systematic review exists in the literature providing a wide overview of all phishing topics. Available reviews usually focus on one or two at a time. In fact, since there is widely available and varied literature on phishing, making a comprehensive review can take a long time and be cumbersome. This paper describes a method to perform a review on abstracts of 605 scientific papers selected from major online research databases, between 2006 and 2016. The study uses a qualitative categorization software to, for the first time, achieve a story of phishing trends in its existing research strands for that period. According to obtained results, no single solution for the phishing threat could yet be found and most research is turning now into more integrated socio-technical and human related solutions.

Modulation of Existent Obstetrics EHRs to the openEHR Specification

Topics: Interoperability; Semantic Interoperability; Evaluation and Use of Healthcare IT; e-Health

Authors: João Carlos Menezes de Magalhães and Ricardo João Cruz Correia

Affiliation: Universidade do Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0005220804390445

Proceedings of HEALTHINF 2015/BIOSTEC, ISBN: 978-989-758-068-0

Quick Abstract

Objective: Create templates in OpenEHR through the modulation of existing electronic health records defined in OpenObsCare platform. Materials and Methods: Apply a 4 step process: select data fields already existent in OpenObscare; search both in openEHR and NEHTA clinical knowledge manager (CKM) for the archetypes that contain these data fields; create new archetypes when a data field doesn’t have an existent one in both CKM’s; develop templates from all the information gathered in the previous steps. Results: Development of 6 templates available online via http://joaomagalhaes.me/admission\_templates and 1 archetype (openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.exam-vagina.v1). Discussion: The process of modulation from existent EHR to the openEHR was possible since the standardization of clinical concepts allowed the re-utilization of a lot of already existent archetypes. This speeds up the development process by defining earlier the domain knowledge necessary for the HIS. Some hurdles faced in the process were due to the necessity of translation of all the archetypes to use at a national level and also due to the lack of national wide accepted terminologies. As this process is eased by the robustness of existent archetypes, the creation of default obstetric templates validated by a special commission, would probably be advantageous since the interoperability and semantics standardization would allow effective transmission of information between all the health care agents. Conclusion: The modulation of admission data existent in the HIS OpenObsCare to openEHR was easier than the ”traditional” way of doing it which is by specifying requirements. This is due to the fact that a lot of the existent archetypes are already robust enough and the number of them is enough to represent several clinical concepts contained in the created templates.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (23)

Artificial Intelligence	Enterprise Information Systems	Platforms and Applications
Biomedical Engineering	Evaluation and Use of Healthcare IT	Semantic Interoperability
Cloud Computing	Health Information Systems	Sensor Networks
Collaboration and e-Services	Integration/Interoperability	Simulation and Modeling
Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation	Interoperability	Software Agents and Internet Computing
Data Engineering	Knowledge Management and Information Sharing	Software and Architectures
e-Business	Knowledge-Based Systems	Symbolic Systems
e-Health	Ontologies and the Semantic Web

Visualization of Passively Extracted HL7 Production Metrics

Topics: Knowledge Management; Decision Support Systems; Interoperability; e-Health; Data Visualization

Authors: Ricardo Ferreira ¹ , Manuel Eduardo Correia ¹ , Francisco Rocha-Gonçalves ² and Ricardo Cruz-Correia ³

Affiliations: ¹ INESC - Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores do Porto, Portugal , ² Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Portugal , ³ University of Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0005217604230430

Proceedings of HEALTHINF 2015/BIOSTEC, ISBN: 978-989-758-068-0

Quick Abstract

The improvements made to healthcare IT systems made over the past years led to the creation of a multitude of different applications essential to the institutions daily operations. Aim: We aim to create and install a system capable of displaying production metrics for healthcare management with little requirements, efforts and software providers involved. Methods: We propose a system capable of displaying production metrics for healthcare facilities, by extracting HL7 messages and other eHealth relevant protocols directly from the institution´s network infrastructure. Our system is then able to populate a knowledge database with meaningful information derived from the gathered data. Results: Our system is currently being tested on a large healthcare facility where it extracts and analyses a daily average of 44,000 HL7 messages. The system is currently capable of inferring and displaying the daily distribution of healthcare related activities such as laboratory orders or even relevant billing information. Conclusion: HL7 messages moving over the network contain valuable information that can then be used to assess many relevant production metrics for the entire facility and from otherwise non-interoperable production systems that, in most cases, can only be seen as black boxes by other system integrators.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (29)

Artificial Intelligence	e-Business	Ontologies and the Semantic Web
Biomedical Engineering	e-Health	Platforms and Applications
Cloud Computing	Enterprise Information Systems	Sensor Networks
Collaboration and e-Services	Health Information Systems	Simulation and Modeling
Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation	Information Systems Analysis and Specification	Society, e-Business and e-Government
Data Engineering	Integration/Interoperability	Software Agents and Internet Computing
Data Management and Quality	Interoperability	Software and Architectures
Data Manipulation	Knowledge Management	Symbolic Systems
Data Visualization	Knowledge Management and Information Sharing	Web Information Systems and Technologies
Decision Support Systems	Knowledge-Based Systems

Auscultatory Changes Identified through Digital Stethoscope and Echocardiographic Findings Associated with Healthy Pregnancy

Topics: Decision Support Systems; Telemedicine and Real-Time Cardiac Monitoring; Data Mining and Statistical Studies; Public Health Informatics

Authors: Marilene Miranda Araújo ¹ , Zilma Silveira Nogueira Reis ² , Renata Baracho Porto ¹ , Cláudia Maria Villas Freire ¹ , Vitória Brito Goulart ¹ , Fabyulla A. Fernandes ¹ , Rosa Celeste Oliveira ³ and Ricardo Cruz-Correia ³

Affiliations: ¹ Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil , ² Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais and Universidade do Porto, Brazil , ³ Universidade do Porto, Portugal

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0004637300390046

Proceedings of CARDIOTECHNIX 2013, ISBN: 978-989-8565-78-5

Quick Abstract

The hyperkinetic hemodynamic pattern and the low viscosity of the blood are typical during pregnancy and cause a number of auscultatory changes. The main goal of this study was to describe hemodynamic and auscultatory changes in normal pregnant women and compare them to those of non-pregnant women. Digital heart auscultation and Doppler echocardiography tests were performed in 29 pregnant and 27 non-pregnant women, both healthy. Changes in the digital stethoscope auscultation and Doppler echocardiographic findings were compared between the groups. The low-intensity systolic murmur was statistically more frequent in the pregnant group (69.0% x 40.7%, p=0.034), as well as B1 Hyperphonesis (51.7% x 7.4%, p<0.001), B2 Hyperphonesis (69% x 18.5%, p<0.001) and B1 Split (89.7% x 29.6%, p<0.001). In pregnant women, no associations were found between auscultation findings and Doppler echocardiogram changes (mitral-murmur x mitral-regurgitation, p=0.675; tricuspid-murmur x tricuspid-regurgitation, p=1.000; pulmonary-murmur x pulmonary-regurgitation, p=1.000). The digital heart auscultation of healthy pregnant subjects was able to detect frequent and numerous alterations, confirming the importance of knowing the physiological changes of pregnancy. The normal Doppler echocardiogram in all healthy pregnant women with heart murmur indicates that such test has limited applicability for healthy pregnant subjects, only in cases of suspicion of a heart disease or when it does occur.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (12)

Artificial Intelligence	Databases and Information Systems Integration	Sensor Networks
Cardiovascular Technologies	Enterprise Information Systems	Signal Processing
Computing and Telecommunications in Cardiology	Health Engineering and Technology Applications	Soft Computing
Data Mining	Public Health Informatics	Telemedicine, Real-Time Cardiac Monitoring and Patient Management Systems

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