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FRAUNHOFER IGD, Germany

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14 Papers

Visual Interactive Creation of Geo-located Networks

Topics: Graph Visualization; Uncertainty Visualization

Authors: Felix Brodkorb ¹ , Manuel Kopp ¹ , Arjan Kuijper ² and Tatiana von Landesberger ¹

Affiliations: ¹ TU Darmstadt, Germany , ² Fraunhofer IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0006176302830293

Proceedings of IVAPP 2017/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-758-228-8

Quick Abstract

Nodes in real world networks often have a geographic position. In many cases such as for simulation or optimization, there is a need for non-trivial synthetic geo-located networks. As synthetic datasets are required to have specific properties such as connectivity and geographic distribution, often networks need to be generated. However, their creation is cumbersome if done purely by hand, and inflexible if done fully automated. Here, we present a framework for creating artificial geographic located networks in a visually interactive way. We designed our framework with the what-you-see-is-what-you-get principle in mind, i.e. showing the (intermediate) results of the interactive creation process at any time and allowing the user to adjust the network iteratively. This design allows our system to be also used as a simple viewer for networks that have incomplete location information. Our approach consists of two steps: (1) Creating the network topology and (2) assigning locations to its nodes. Our half automatic system enables the user to easily set the location of the nodes to predefined areas like countries, states, and urban regions, while still being able to flexibly and interactively control the creation process. We show the utility of our system by creating a real-world-like geo-located network.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (5)

Abstract Data Visualization		Graph Visualization		Uncertainty Visualization
Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics		Spatial Data Visualization

Optimization-based Automatic Segmentation of Organic Objects of Similar Types

Topic: Segmentation and Grouping

Authors: Enrico Gutzeit , Martin Radolko , Arjan Kuijper and Uwe von Lukas

Affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Research IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0005314905910598

Proceedings of VISAPP 2015/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-758-089-5

Quick Abstract

For the segmentation of multiple objects on unknown background in images, some approaches for specific objects exist. However, no approach is general enough to segment an arbitrary group of organic objects of similar type, like wood logs, apples, or tomatoes. Each approach contains restrictions in the object shape, texture, color or in the image background. Many methods are based on probabilistic inference on Markov Random Fields – summarized in this work as optimization based segmentation. In this paper, we address the automatic segmentation of organic objects of similar types by using optimization based methods. Based on the result of object detection, a fore- and background model is created enabling an automatic segmentation of images. Our novel and more general approach for organic objects is a first and important step in a measuring or inspection system. We evaluate and compare our approaches on images with different organic objects on very different backgrounds, which vary in color and texture. We show that the results are very accurate.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (3)

Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics

Image and Video Analysis

Segmentation and Grouping

Semi-automatic Analysis of Huge Digital Nautical Charts of Coastal Aerial Images

Topics: Color and Texture Analyses; Shape Representation and Matching; Categorization and Scene Understanding; Document Imaging in Business

Authors: Matthias Vahl , Uwe von Lukas , Bodo Urban and Arjan Kuijper

Affiliation: Fraunhofer IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0005301501000107

Proceedings of VISAPP 2015/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-758-091-8

Quick Abstract

Geo-referenced aerial images are available in very high resolution. The automated production and updating of electronic nautical charts (ENC), as well as other products (e.g. thematic maps), from aerial images is a current challenge for hydrographic organizations. Often standard vision algorithms are not reliable enough for robust object detection in natural images. We thus propose a procedure that combines processing steps on three levels, from pixel (low-level) via segments (mid-level) to semantic information (high level). We combine simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) as an efficient low-level algorithm with a classification based on texture features by supported vector machine (SVM) and a generalized Hough transformation (GHT) for detecting shapes on mid-level. Finally, we show how semantic information can be used to improve results from the earlier processing steps in the high-level step. As standard vision methods are typically much too slow for such huge-sized images and additionally geographical references must be maintained over the complete procedure, we present a solution to overcome these problems.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (6)

Applications and Services		Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics		Image and Video Analysis
Color and Texture Analyses		Document Imaging in Business		Shape Representation and Matching

Converting Underwater Imaging into Imaging in Air

Topics: Stereo Vision and Structure from Motion; Image Formation, Acquisition Devices and Sensors; Device Calibration, Characterization and Modeling

Authors: Tim Dolereit ¹ and Arjan Kuijper ²

Affiliations: ¹ Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD and University of Rostock, Germany , ² Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0004685600960103

Proceedings of VISAPP 2014/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-758-003-1

Quick Abstract

The application of imaging devices in underwater environments has become a common practice. Protecting the camera’s constituent electric parts against water leads to refractive effects emanating from the water-glass-air transition of light rays. These non-linear distortions can not be modeled by the pinhole camera model. For our new approach we focus on flat interface systems. By handling refractive effects properly, we are able to convert the problem to imaging conditions in air. We show that based on the location of virtual object points in water, virtual parameters of a camera following the pinhole camera model can be computed per image ray. This enables us to image the same object as if it was situated in air. Our novel approach works for an arbitrary camera orientation to the refractive interface. We show experimentally that our adopted physical methods can be used for the computation of 3D object points by a stereo camera system with much higher precision than with a naive in-situ calibration.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (6)

Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics		Image Formation and Preprocessing		Motion, Tracking and Stereo Vision
Device Calibration, Characterization and Modeling		Image Formation, Acquisition Devices and Sensors		Stereo Vision and Structure from Motion

Classification of Text and Image Areas in Digitized Documents for Mobile Devices

Topics: Features Extraction; Object Detection and Localization; Document Imaging in Business; Pervasive Smart Cameras; Image Generation Pipeline: Algorithms and Techniques; Mobile Imaging

Authors: Anne-Sophie Ettl ¹ , Ralf Köster ² , Axel Zeilner ² and Arjan Kuijper ³

Affiliations: ¹ Technische Universität Darmstadt and FINARX GmbH, Germany , ² FINARX GmbH, Germany , ³ Technische Universität Darmstadt and Fraunhofer IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0004273600880091

Proceedings of VISAPP 2013/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-8565-48-8

Quick Abstract

Post processing and automatic interpretation of images plays an increasingly important role in the mobile area. Both for the efficient compression and for the automatic evaluation of text, it is useful to store text content as textual information rather than as graphics information. For this purpose pictures from magazines are recorded with the camera of a smartphone and classified according to text and image areas. In this work established desktop procedures are presented and analyzed in terms of their applications on mobile devices. Based on these methods, an approach for image segmentation and classification on mobile devices is developed, taking into account the limited resources of these mobile devices.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (9)

Applications and Services	Features Extraction	Image Generation Pipeline: Algorithms and Techniques
Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics	Image and Video Analysis	Mobile Imaging
Document Imaging in Business	Image Formation and Preprocessing	Pervasive Smart Cameras

Fast and Efficient Vertex Data Representations for the Web

Topics: Display and Interaction Technology; Gpu-Based Visualization; Large Data Visualization; Virtual Environments and Data Visualization; Scientific Visualization

Authors: Yvonne Jung ¹ , Max Limper ¹ , Pasquale Herzig ¹ , Karsten Schwenk ² and Johannes Behr ²

Affiliations: ¹ Fraunhofer IGD, Germany , ² Fraunhofer IGD and TU Darmstadt, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0004347006010606

Proceedings of IVAPP 2013/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-8565-46-4

Quick Abstract

Supporting decision processes via fast and accurate visualization of 3D data is an important aspect in many scientific fields, ranging from mathematics and engineering trough medical data analysis. Due to their high flexibility and platform-independence, 3D Web technologies have become more and more important for such visualization purposes. Within this paper, we concentrate on the accurate rendering of 3D surface models inside Web browsers and show efficient techniques that enable fast and precise visualization and interaction using state-of-the-art Web technologies. We introduce a smart vertex data storage format, which fits very well with the requirements of modern mobile graphics hardware. Furthermore, we discuss methods to partition models of high complexity. Finally, we present an hardware-accelerated picking algorithm that enables a high precision inspection of 3D objects and their vertex attributes.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (9)

Abstract Data Visualization	General Data Visualization	Scientific Visualization
Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics	Gpu-Based Visualization	Spatial Data Visualization
Display and Interaction Technology	Large Data Visualization	Virtual Environments and Data Visualization

AUTOMATIC MULTI-PROJECTOR CALIBRATION - A Review of Systems for Non-experienced Users

Topics: Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments; Hardware Technologies for Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments; Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments; Collaborative Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments; Distributed Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Reality; Advanced User Interfaces; Interactive 3D Graphics and Immersive Systems for Servers, Desktop and Thin Clients

Authors: Stefan Klose ¹ , Jérémie Gerhardt ¹ , Timo Engelke ² and Arjan Kuijper ²

Affiliations: ¹ Fraunhofer FIRST, Germany , ² Fraunhofer IGD, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0003356702860295

Proceedings of GRAPP 2011/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-8425-45-4

Quick Abstract

Multi-projector systems are widely used in many application areas. Such systems are for instance employed to increase the brightness or the resolution of projected images. Intrinsic to multi-projector systems are problems like geometric misalignment, especially when projecting onto complex arbitrarily formed projection surfaces, and photometric deviations. Therefore, several difficult calibration tasks (geometry, brightness, color) have to be performed. A high-quality and easy-to-use calibration process is the key to good usability for untrained or unexperienced users. Due to the fact that manual calibration is time-consuming and imprecise, automatic approaches were developed in recent years. This paper analyzes the most popular state-of-the-art algorithms and setups with respect to their advantages and disadvantages. We summarize the general working principles of calibration algorithms and provide an outlook into the fields in which the described algorithms are most useful.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (7)

Advanced User Interfaces	Distributed Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Reality	Interactive 3D Graphics and Immersive Systems for Servers, Desktop and Thin Clients
Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments	Hardware Technologies for Augmented, Mixed and Virtual Environments	Interactive Environments
Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics

3D VOLUME DATA SEGMENTATION FROM SUPERQUADRIC TENSOR ANALYSIS

Topics: Scene and Object Modeling; Surface Modeling

Authors: Sang Min Yoon and Arjan Kuijper

Affiliation: GRIS TU Darmstadt, Fraunhofer IGD & TU Darmstadt, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0002818800720077

Proceedings of GRAPP 2010/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-674-026-9

Quick Abstract

The segmentation of 3D target objects into coherent subregions is one of the most important issues in computer graphics as it is applied in many applications, such as medical model visualization and analysis, 3D model retrieval and recognition, skeleton extraction, and collision detection. The goal of 3D segmentation is to separate the volume or mesh data into several subregions which have similar characteristics. In this paper, we present an efficient and accurate 3D model segmentation methodology by merging and splitting the subregions in a 3D model. Our innovative 3D model segmentation system consists of two steps: i) the ellipsoidal decomposition of unorganized 3D object using properties of three dimensional second-order diffusion tensor fields, and ii) The iteratively merging and splitting of subregions of the 3D model by measuring the similarity between neighboring regions. Experimental results are conducted to evaluate the performance of our methodology using 3D models from well-known databases and 3D target objects that are reconstructed from image sequences.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (4)

Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics		Scene and Object Modeling		Surface Modeling
Geometry and Modeling

EMBEDDING HIERACHICAL DEFORMATION WITHIN A REALTIME SCENE GRAPH - A Simple Approach for Embedding GPU-based Realtime Deformations using Trilinear Transformations Embedded in a Scene Graph

Topics: Real-Time Rendering; Scene and Object Modeling; Real-Time Graphics; Graphics in Computer Games

Authors: M. Knuth ¹ , J. Kohlhammer ¹ and A. Kuijper ²

Affiliations: ¹ Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research (IGD), Germany , ² TU Darmstadt, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0002843102460253

Proceedings of GRAPP 2010/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-674-026-9

Quick Abstract

Scene graphs are widely used as a description of spatial relations between objects in a scene. Current scene graphs use linear transformations for this purpose. This limits the relation of two objects in the hierarchy to simple transformations like sheer, translation, rotation and scaling. In contrast to this, we want to represent and control deformations that result from propagating the dynamics of objects to deformable attached objects. Our solution is to replace the linear 4x4 matrix-based transformation of a scene graph by a more generic trilinear transformation. The linear transformation allows the composition of the transformation hierarchy into one transformation. Our approach additionally allows the handling of deformations on the same level. Building on this concept we present a system capable of real-time rendering. The computations of the applied deformations of the scene graph are performed in real-time on the GPU. We allow the approximation of arbitrary nonlinear transformations and deformations by utilising grids of trilinear transformations in our system. As an application we show geometric attachments on deformable objects and their deformation on a scene graph level.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (8)

Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics	Interactive Environments	Rendering
Geometry and Modeling	Real-Time Graphics	Scene and Object Modeling
Graphics in Computer Games	Real-Time Rendering

ESTIMATION OF CURVATURES IN POINT SETS BASED ON GEOMETRIC ALGEBRA

Topics: Computational Geometry; Surface Geometry and Shape; Recognizing 3-D Object Shapes from Range Data

Authors: Helmut Seibert ¹ , Dietmar Hildenbrand ² , Meike Becker ² and Arjan Kuijper ¹

Affiliations: ¹ Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research, Germany , ² Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany

Digital Object Identifier: 10.5220/0002817800120019

Proceedings of VISAPP 2010/VISIGRAPP, ISBN: 978-989-674-028-3

Quick Abstract

For applications like segmentation, feature extraction and classification of point sets it is essential to know the principal curvatures and the corresponding principal directions. For the purpose of curvature estimation conformal geometric algebra promises to be a natural mathematical language: Local curvatures can be described with the help of osculating circles or spheres. On one hand, conformal geometric algebra is able to directly compute with these geometric objects, as well as with lines and planes needed for the description of vanishing curvature. On the other hand, distance measures for fitting these objects into point sets can be handled in a linear way, leading to efficient algorithms. In this paper we use conformal geometric algebra advantageously in order to locally compute continuous curvatures as well as principal curvatures of point sets without the need of costly pre-processing of raw data. We show results on artificial and real data. Numerical verification on artificial data shows the accuracy of our approach. Furthermore, the results are obtained in a fast manner and are also visually satisfactory.

Related Ontology Subjects/Areas/Topics (5)

Computational Geometry		Image and Video Analysis		Surface Geometry and Shape
Computer Vision, Visualization and Computer Graphics		Image Formation and Preprocessing

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