Analysis on Cautions in Athletic Training

Cao Wen

Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China

Keywords: Athletic Training, Diet, Dressing, Damage Prevention, Training Plans.

Abstract: Athletic training is a key link and effective way to improve sports level and cultivate sports talents. With

continuous training for years, athletic skills can be greatly enhanced, improving athletic level and

performance. The scientificalness of athletic training is to guarantee its safety and effectiveness. Some

problems in athletic training have negative influence on athletic skills. Therefore, in order to guarantee the

steady development of athletic training and the realization of training goals, cautions in athletic training

should be carefully studied. Specifically solving various kinds of problems related with training can

effectively avoid some negative factors, guaranteeing the high quality of athletic training.

1 INTRODUCTION

In order to guarantee the safety and quality of

athletic training, we should pay attention to different

kinds of cautions and correctly tackle some

emergencies. On the other hand, we ought to

actively study and analyze the characteristics of

athletic training and make scientific athletic training

plans based on practical conditions like goals,

subjects, contents and methods. Implementing the

tackles during the whole process of athletic training

can guarantee the safety and effectiveness of athletic

training and the improvement of athletic skills.

2 CHARACTERISTICS OF

ATHLETIC TRAINING

2.1 Training Goals and Subjects

The subjects of athletic training are coaches and

athletes. Coaches are organizers, executors and

instructors of athletic training, whose role is to

reasonably and scientifically arrange and guide

athletic training, guaranteeing the effectiveness of

athletic training. Athletes are cores in athletic

training, so it is a key for athletes to play an active

role in order to enhance training quality. In athletic

training, we should first allow athletes to play

subjective roles to guarantee the effectiveness of

athletic training. Secondly, we need to pay attention

to individual difference and make appropriate plans

for each athlete, helping them better grasp athletic

skills and exercise physically and mentally. Thirdly,

the guiding role of coaches ought to be emphasized

to help athletes participate in athletic training

scientifically, safely and effectively, thus improving

their training level.

2.2 Training Contents and Training

Methods

The contents of athletic training is complex but can

be achieved with various kinds of methods. In

athletic training, athletes should have specific

training on human body movement ability. First, the

goal of athletic training is to comprehensively

improve athletic skills and help athletes obtain good

performance on the premise of safety. Second, under

the guidance of training goal, coaches should

carefully analyze the requirements of different sports

on human body movement ability and then

effectively train their athletes based on the

characteristic of each athlete. Third, the variety of

the function and task of athletic training determines

the complexity of training contents and the variety

of training ways. For example, endurance training

can be achieved with long-distance race, jumping

and exercise equipments. It also can be implemented

through location trains, such as sand race and

climbing run. In different stages of athletic training,

functions and tasks of athletic training should be

combined with diversified training methods to

scientifically and reasonably arrange training, thus

achieving final goals.

221

Wen C.

Analysis on Cautions in Athletic Training.

DOI: 10.5220/0006022702210223

In Proceedings of the Information Science and Management Engineering III (ISME 2015), pages 221-223

ISBN: 978-989-758-163-2

221

2.3 Systematicness of Long-term

Training

Training is a long and gradual process, which needs

some period of accumulation and systematic training

plans to achieve certain athletic level. Excellent

athletic performance is a long-term accumulation of

athletic training and a transform from quantitative

change to qualitative change. On the one hand, if

amount of exercise go up, athletes can exert

explosive force, which needs long-term and

systematic training. On the other hand, good sport

performance needs certain amount of athletic

training. However, athletic training requires

comprehensive considerations on the limit of

training, arrange intensity and density of training.

Athletic training is like a double-edged sword. It can

effectively enhance athletic skills and enhance

athletic performance, but it also can destroy the

career of an athlete. In addition, coaches should

clearly recognize the individual differences and the

fierce of competitive sports. They need to make

scientific, long-term and systematic training plans to

guarantee the safety and effectiveness of training.

3 CAUTIONS ABOUT ATHLETE

TRAINING

3.1 Cautions before Athlete Training

Cautions before athletic training is detrimental to

guarantee the safety and effectiveness. First, athletes

should fully learn the rules of athletic training and

scientifically arrange training time with plans. They

should cooperate with coaches to conduct training

and do not add or reduce the amount of training, thus

affecting the effectiveness of training. Second, the

arrangement of training plan should be scientific and

reasonable, ensuring the smooth and effective

implementation of training. For example, if athletes

stay still for a long time, they should have their

training plans advance gradually in due order. They

can not add amount of training suddenly, which may

cause damage to their body. Third, the influence of

external conditions should be considered and

reduced. For example, in hot summer, high

temperature and burning sun are easy to cause

heatstroke and sunburn. Therefore, when exercising,

athletes should try to avoid hot time and choose 8

a.m. to 10 a.m. or 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. to carry out

indoor exercise. On the other hand, athletes should

try to wear clothes with good breathability, avoiding

burning or hard sweat. In addition, sunscreen cream

and sunbonnet can be used to improve training

conditions, thus guaranteeing training quality and

safety. Fourth, reasonable arranging training

intensity can ease feeling of fatigue, which may

bring damage to athletes and weaken the

effectiveness of training. Fifth, scientific and

reasonable diet is important for body health and

athletic training. Having food or drink is forbidden

for an hour before training. Athletes can drink some

water (like 200ml glucose water or sports drink with

rich calcium and sodium ion). Cold water and

alcohol are forbidden in case of accidents. Athletes

should have some food with eutrophy before

training. After training, they are not supposed to

have too much food until half an hour later. Beef,

chicken, eggs and milk are helpful to supplement

energy. In short, scientific and reasonable diet is

important for effective training and strength

recovery. For example, when exercising, some

athletes may have stomach ach, which happens in

superior belly or around belly button. Dull pain,

distending pain and stabbing pain often appear, but

sometimes one may suffer from colica. These pains

are usually caused by unscientific diet, such as

having too much food or water before training and

strenuous exercise without enough exercise. Sixth,

athletes should wear safe and comfortable clothes

and do not wear adornment. For instance, in

summer, cool and poromeric clothes are best choice

to avoid sunburn. Seventh, pre-training issues should

be prepared, such as jogging and slow running.

Meanwhile, mental preparations are also needed to

help gradually athletic training. In addition, enough

relax before training should be emphasized to

guarantee plentiful physical strength.

3.2 Basic Cautions in Training Process

The training process is the implementation of

training plans. In training, the effectiveness of

training plans needs to be guaranteed. On the other

hand, training flexibility should be well grasped to

conduct specific training based on individual

difference. First, pay attention to training density

and training intensity and do not cause strong fatigue

to athletes. For example, in endurance training,

coaches are supposed to arrange long-distance race

according to trainees’ ability. After long-distance

race, timely relax for 5-10 minutes are needed.

Repeated leg-raising exercise can arouse the training

interests of athletes and help achieve training

effectiveness. Second, pay attention to the variety of

training. For example, endurance training can be

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coupled with long-distance race, climbing run,

loading run, sand run and cycling while strength

training can be coupled with barbell training. On the

one hand, the variety of training contents can arouse

training interest of athletes, thus making them more

active in training and enhancing training

effectiveness. On the other hand, it can also improve

the competence of athletes and their training quality.

Third, pay attention to water supplement in training

and do not drink too much cold water after training.

Forth, take notice of training skills and avoid athletic

injury. Athletes should make good preparation

before training, effectively exercising loin, joint and

muscle and enhancing muscle strength, flexibility

and ligament function. Athletes should follow the

guidance of their coaches and strictly finish training,

avoiding dangerous imitation and hurt. Coaches and

athletes should know about athletic injury and be

aware of injury protection, thus scientifically and

effectively avoiding athletic injury. For example,

short-distance race needs strong explosive power, so

the training of short-distance race should avoid cross

track. However, middle or long-distance race tests

the endurance of athletes. Therefore, in middle or

long-distance race, breathing method should be

emphasized. Try not to have heavy breath, which

can cause abdominal pain. Both coaches and athletes

need to grasp some emergency treatment knowledge

so as to effectively prevent and tackle athletic injury.

When athletes train for a long time, athletic limit

will appear, such as weak legs, hard breath, pain

muscle, slow movement and even disgust. In such a

case, do not be flurried and try to calm down and

deepen breath. When symptoms get relieved,

athletes will be more relaxed in training. If

symptoms become worse, athletes should stop

training and have a rest. Athletes needs to go

hospital when abdomen ach severely. After training,

some relaxing exercises, such as jogging or fast walk

are needed. Forth, pay attention to the

comprehensiveness of training and strengthen basic

training, demonstrating the specialty of athletes. On

the one hand, coaches should scientifically and

reasonably consider the individual differences of

athletes, thus making scientific and systematic

training plans for each athlete. The amount of

training should be adjusted accordingly. On the

other hand, coaches need to focus on the specify

training of athletes. However, it does not intend to

make athletes professionalized too early. The body

fitness and sport ability of athletes ought to be

comprehensively improved in training. In addition,

coaches are supposed to pay emphasis on the

training emotion of athletes and timely give them

mental guidance, thus guaranteeing best form in

training and enhancing the training effectiveness.

3.3 Basic Cautions after Training

Process

Training is one of the large physical strength

consumption and fierce activity, so hurt and

exhaustion are unavoidable. After training, some

basic cautions can help athletes form good habitats

and ease their pain and fatigue, thus keeping good

mental state for athletes. First, reasonably arrange

diet after training. Athletes should have food 30

minutes later after training. Nutritious food is best

choice because it can fast supplement body energy.

Second, sweat is unavoidable after training, but

athletes can not take off their clothes immediately or

wash their faces with cold water, which can cause

influenza. Third, timely treatment on athletic injury

is needed to avoid further damage accumulation.

Physical therapies are often used for minor hurt. For

athletes who hurt badly, they must go to hospital to

get treatment. Forth, relax on calf muscle, thighs and

small of the back is necessary because it can help

athletes quickly get recovery.

4 CONCLUSIONS

The whole training process should be well planned.

Diets and clothes ought to be scientific and

reasonable, thus guaranteeing best state for athletes.

The most important aspect is to comprehensively

know about characteristics of athletic training and

tackle problems accordingly. Basic cautions should

be emphasized to make training more scientific, safe

and effective.

REFERENCES

Yin ran, 2014, (08): 118-119. Factors influencing college

student sports training effect and strategies, Ournal of

Chifeng University Natural Science (Edition).

Deng Yunlong, 2011(02): 107-112. Basic content of the

basic rules of sports training and basic relationships,

Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education

(Social Sciences).

Wang Baocheng, 2013(01): 37-41. Ten current problems

in athletic training, Track and Field.

Analysis on Cautions in Athletic Training

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Analysis on Cautions in Athletic Training

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