Authors:
Rasha F. Elgazzar
1
and
Rania El-Gazzar
2
Affiliations:
1
Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport, Egypt
;
2
University College of Southeast Norway, Norway
Keyword(s):
Smart, Smart City, Sustainable, Sustainability, Sustainable Development.
Related
Ontology
Subjects/Areas/Topics:
Energy and Economy
;
Frameworks and Models for Smart City Initiatives
;
Planning and Design Challenges for Smart Cities
;
Smart Cities
Abstract:
As the majority of world population will be living in cities by 2050, it became a necessity for societies to build cities that are capable of meeting the needs of current and future generations in a smart way. There have been initiatives toward smart/sustainable cities that had succeeded, and others had failed. Being sustainable and smart had been used in a quite confusing way. In this paper, we attempt to understand related concepts, such as smart, sustainable, sustainable development, and sustainability. Then, we analyse five examples of existing initiatives of smart/sustainable cities to understand the factors behind their success or failure, by applying SMART criteria as a managerial perspective on those initiatives. Finally, we conclude the paper with key implications and possibilities for future research.